IRELAND

EXTRACT FROM “COLUMBIA – VIKING DESK ENCYCLOPEDIA”

 

IRELAND (Irish Eire; to it are related the poetic Erin and, perhaps, the Latin Hibernia), island (31,839 square miles; population 4,329587 second largest of British Isles.  Lies west of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the North Channel, the Irish Mally Sea and St George’s Channel.  At present divided into political regions – NORTHERN IRELAND Capital Belfast) and the republic of Oreland (26,601 square miles; population 2,958,878; capital Dublin).  Island has 32 counties and, historically, four provinces.  ULSTER is divided between Northern Ireland (counties Antrim, Down, Armagh, Fermanagh, Tyrone and Londondery) and republic (counties Managhan, Cavan, Donegal).  Other three provinces are in republic – LEINSTER has counties Louth, Meath, Dublin, Kildare, Wicklow, Carlow, Waxford, Cork, Kerry, Limerick, Clare; CONNAUGHT has Leitrim, Roscommon, Galway, Mayo, Sligo.  Island has a large central plain, extremely fertile, roughly enclosed by a highland rim.  In the north are Mourne Mountains, extremely fertile, roughly enclosed by a high land rim.  In north are Mourne Mountains, Sperrin Mountains, and those of Antrim; in West are mountains of Connemara and Mayo; and in South are mountains of Galty, knockmealdown and Kerry.  Heavy rains (over 80 in. annually in south) account for brilliant green grass of “emerald Isle:”. Off west coast are many islands (including Aran and Blasket Isles) and in interior are many lakes and wide stretches of rivers called Loughs.  SHANNON River, 250 miles long, provides electric power for much of the republic.  Lagan, Foyle, Liffey and Lee are among other rivers.  Economy is mainly agriculture, chief products being dairy good and flax.  Fine linen and laces are world famous.  Industrial activity is concentrated in Belfast area and adjoining area in the republic.  Population of republic is overwhelmingly Catholic.  Protestants out number Catholics in Northern Ireland, but number of Catholics have increased in recent years, and the traditional religious difference between sections seems about to upset.

 

IRELAND TO 1169 Ireland was invaded before the Christian era by several Celtic tribes who left their culture.  Anglo-Saxons and the Romans did not affect the island.  Ireland enjoyed golden age of its culture until 8th century when Norsemen began their raids.  People were organised into clans owing allegiance to one of five provincial kings (of Ulster, Munster, Leinster, Connaught and Moath) who in turn served high king of all Ireland at Tara.  Despite constant clan fighting, literary and artistic culture flourished (see GAELIC LITERATURE).  In 5th century St Patrick completed the island’s conversion to Christianity.  Late Irish religious leaders included Saint Columban and Saint Bridget.  In 1014 Brian Boru broke the hold of Norse invaders. There followed 150 years of freedom from foreign interference.  Pope Adrian IV granted overlordship of Ireland in 12th century to Henry II of England.  English in 1169 began conquest Anglo-Irish struggle was to continue intermittently for nearly 800 years.

 

IRELAND TO UNION OF 1800 – Anglo-Norman rapacity in Ireland led to landlord-tenant problems.  Irish were denied benefit of English law and their own law was split apart.   English control lessened, however, until Henry Viii became first monarch to bring all Ireland under English control.  PPYNING’S LAW (1495) gave legislative initiative to English Parliament.  By 16th century Irish people were sunk in desperate poverty which was to last for centuries.  The Protestant English imposed the PENAL LAWS upon the Catholic Irish.  In Elizabeth’s reign three serious rebellions were crushed.  Scotch settlers were planted in Ulster.  A rebellion began in 1641 which lasted ten years, cost 600,000 lives and was brutally crushed by Cromwell (who massacred Irish at Drogheda).  Irish support of James II led to new Penal Laws and economic exploitation after battle of the Boyne (1690).  In 1782 Henry Grattan obtained an Independent Parliament which proved ineffective.  After rebellion under Wolfe Tone, England and Ireland were united (1800) and Irish were unwillingly represented in English Parliament.

IRELAND UNDER THE UNION 1800-1920.  Agitation led by Daniel O’Connell caused Catholic Emancipation Act to be passed in 1829.  Other caused for Irish discontent persisted. Under the Poor Relief Act, 1838 Ireland was divided into districts or "Unions" in which the local rateable inhabitants were to be financially responsible for the care of all paupers in their areas. These unions, which didn't respect the county boundaries, were usually centered on a large market town. By 1850, 163 unions had been created. The Local Government (Ireland) Act, 1898 adopted the poor law union as the basic administrative division in place of the civil parish and barony. The poor law unions of Ireland were subdivided into 829 Registration Districts and 3,751 District Electoral Divisions. Town lands were now arranged according to these divisions, with parishes and baronies being retained only as a means to make comparisons with records gathered before 1898.

 Church of Ireland was not dis-established until 1869.  Evils of absentee landlordism grew more serious.  Potato blight struck Ireland in 1840s.  In five years ending 1851, 1,000,000 Irish died of starvation and disease and some 1,600,000 emigrated, mostly to U.S.  FENLAN MOVEMENT was organised.  By 1870 Parnell had arisen as a leader.  SINN FEIN gradually superseded HOME RULE movement.  Easter Rebellion of 1916 led to guerrilla warfare in 1918.  English tried to suppress it with auxiliaries known as Black and Tans, who terrorised country (1920) and met increasing resistance.  Irish cause was strengthened by Literary and cultural revival of late 19th century; by such writers as G B Shaw, W B Yeats and James Joyce and by the Abbey Theatre.

 

 

Church History

The following table outlines the major religious movements and events effecting Ireland.

Date

Event

1537

King Henry VIII declared himself supreme head of the new church, the Church of England (Anglican)

1541

King Henry VIII becomes King of Ireland

1560

The Anglican Church (Church of Ireland) became the state church under Elizabeth I

1605-09

The plantation of Ulster was started. Scottish Presbyterians were sent to Ireland to displace Irish Catholics and strengthen English rule

1619

The earliest known Church of Ireland parish, St. John's in Dublin, is started

1634

Church of Ireland began keeping parish registers - required by law

1637

Presbyterian worship is suppressed by the Church of Ireland

1600s

Quaker, Congregationalist, and Baptist movements begin. Huguenot migrations to Ireland also begin

1674

Antrim, County Antrim, oldest known Presbyterian register begins

1695-1728

Penal Laws against Catholics begin. Catholic clergy was banished, forbidden to keep registers, and Catholics in general were not allowed to hold office, own property or vote.

1719

The Toleration Ace was passed, protecting Protestant dissenters

1726

Non-conforming Presbyterians separate from the main body and form the presbytery of Antrim

1747

Methodist movement begins

1750s

Many Church of Ireland parish registers are kept. Some Catholic parish registers start

1772-95

Catholic Relief Acts gradually restore rights taken away under the Penal Laws

1782

Presbyterian marriages are validated

1816

Methodists divide: Primitive Methodists and Weslyan Methodists

1819

Presbyterian ministers required to keep registers

1829

Irish Catholics are free to worship without penalty of law. Many catholic registers begin

1869

Church of Ireland ceases to be state church

1876

All Church of Ireland registers are to be stored in the Public Record Office in Dublin

1878

 
Law is amended to allow some ministers to store records in local archives. The Primitive and Wesylan Methodists unite

1922

A separate records repository is created in Belfast for Northern Ireland records. The Public Record office in Dublin is burned, destroying many Church of Ireland records and registers

 

 

British Military Barracks in Co. Cork

In the British Army the construction and maintenance of barrack buildings was the responsibility of the Board of Ordinance which had a reputation of being slow to act especially if that action might improve conditions for the common soldier. Accommodation for the rank and file was overcrowded, unsanitary, and squalid (up to six wives per 100 infantrymen were also permitted to live in the barracks). Conditions were slightly improved by the sanitation committee which was established following the Crimean war but no significant changes took place until the barrack building programme of the 1890s.

In the 1830s County Cork was part of the Southern Military District. There were 16 military stations providing, in total, accommodation for 352 officers and 6799 men. Given the overcrowding problems it is likely these figures were significantly exceeded. The barracks were for the most part populated by regular army regiments (the majority were English) which were changed often. During the Victorian period 20,000-30,000 regular soldiers were deployed in Ireland at any one time for the "maintenance of civil order".

 

 

 

The following were the permanent barracks in County Cork:

Ballincollig: This was the principal artillery depot for the county.
Buttevant Barracks covering 23 acres.
Charles Fort. see Kinsale
Clonakilty: Infantry Barracks with accommodation for four officers and 68 men.

Fermoy:  By the 1830s this was the principal military depot for the county.
Kinsale: Charles Fort, on the east side of Kinsale Harbour, was a coast defence fort with accommodation for 16 officers and 332 men.
Mallow: Prior to the construction of the barracks in Fermoy this was the principal military depot for the county but after 1806 the size of the military establishment was reduced. By the 1830s there was an infantry barracks with accommodation for seven officers and 103 men.

Millstreet: Infantry Barracks with accommodation for six officers and 100 men.

Mitchelstown: Infantry barracks with accommodation for three officers and 72 men.
Skibbereen: A small infantry barracks.
Youghal: Infantry barracks with accommodation for six officers and 180 men.
Cork Harbour: This area had great strategic importance to the British military, during the various wars against the French it had become a major supply port for both the navy and army. The principal town in the area was Cove (renamed Queenstown in 1849 and Cobh in 1922) as recently as 1786 Cove was a small fishing village but following the French revolution and the subsequent wars the town grew rapidly in order to support the greatly increased military presence.

The following were all located in and around Cork Harbour;

Camden Fort: Fortification on the west side of the harbour entrance

Carlisle Fort: Fortification on the east side of the harbour entrance.

Haulbowline (or Haulbowling) Island: Located only a ½ mile from the centre of Cove
Spike Island: In 1811 the then sparsely inhabited island was selected as the site for the ordnance depot for southern Ireland.
Rocky Island: A small island near Haulbowline, honeycombed with tunnels and used as a massive gunpowder magazine (25,000 barrels), it was designed to supply the whole of Ireland and an army detachment of one officer and 30 men was assigned to operate it.

Source:  Samuel Lewis, Topographical Dictionary of Ireland (London: 1837. Reprinted; Baltimore)

 

Elizabeth Fort

During the Middle Ages, Cork's position on two islands in the Lee estuary must have made it virtually impregnable. With the development of artillery, however, the city became vulnerable because it was overlooked by high ground on the south and north. In 1601, Sir George Carew, then president of Munster, described Cork as "one of the weakest places to be defended from an enemy that ever I saw" (Atkinson 1905, 424). He began to construct a fortification on the spur of limestone rock overlooking the city on the south, which became known as Elizabeth Fort. In 1602, Carew wrote that it was "first intended for no other end but a poor entrenchment for a retreat" but was then "raised to a great height ... and so reinforced with a strong rampart as a powerful enemy shall not carry it in haste" (Mulcahy, McNamara and O'Brien 1960, 128, n.9). The work was carried out, reluctantly it seems, by the citizens of Cork (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 128 n.8). This may explain why in 1603, in a dispute between the city of Cork and Sir Charles Wilmot, commissioner of the president of Munster, the townsmen demolished the fort (Mahaffy 1912, 43-56; Russell and Prendergast 1880, 569). They were persuaded to rebuild it shortly afterwards, however, and the restored fort is depicted in a plan in Hardiman map no. 47, at Trinity College Dublin (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 128).

About 1624 the structure was replaced by a stronger more regular fortification (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 128-9) and this is shown in Pynnar's drawing of 1626 as having the basic outline of the structure which survives today. Pynnar's report noted that the fort was then "built almost to the height unto the Parapett which is yet undone, the walls towards the city being in some places 30 foot high founded upon an extreme hard Rocke and 16 foot high at the lowest part of the wall of good lime and stone. The foundation of the wall is 10 foot thick, and at the top 6 foot thick where the rampart must be made. The rampart is 20 foot thick of earth but not yet fully finished" (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 129, n.15). A list of governors of the fort commences in November 1627 which presumably indicates the commencement of its effective functioning (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 129, n.13). There is a tradition that Cromwell made some alterations to the fort in 1649 (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 129) but by 1677 it was apparently in a decayed condition. A report in that year, almost certainly referring to Elizabeth Fort, although it places it to the west, rather than south, of Cork, noted that the walls and parapets of the fort were "broken and in some places cracked, the gates of the Fort and Raveline defective, the buildings within much decayed" (Caulfield 1876, xxiii). During Marlborough's siege of the city in 1690 the city was bombarded by artillery from Cat Fort, from "Red Abbey", and from St. Finbar's Cathedral, as well as from the river, and surrendered after four days (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 132, 134; Caulfield 1876, xxvi - xxvii). Thereafter its military functions practically ceased. In 1698 a barrack was erected close to the fort and in 1719 a new barrack was erected within the fort itself (Mulcahy et al. 1960, 130).

The fort is an irregular quadrilateral in shape with two pentangular bastions on the south corners and two sub-rectangular bastions on the north corners. A demi-oval shaped bastion projects from the centre of the north wall. The masonry consists of regularly coursed limestone blocks lying directly, in places, on the underlying bedrock. The south curtain has been removed and a new wall constructed between the south bastions. The present entrance is through a rectangular extension which was built onto the east side of the fort. The walls are battered externally and survive to an internal height of between 4 and 5 m; above this, they appear to be rebuilt. The height of the wall on Keysers Hill near the north-east bastion is between 8 and 9 m. The wall thickness at the entrance is 2.03m and part of the original stone surrounds of the gateway appear to be in situ. These are dressed with a section of the stones cut back to give the impression of an architrave surrounding the door. There is a large bar hole in the south wall and a blocked example in the north wall just behind the gate. The two gun-ports in the north wall are of recent origin. Part of the walls of the 1698 barracks stand to a height of 5m on the south-east side of Elizabeth Fort.

IRISH FREE STATE AND THE REPUBLIC  -  Irish Free State was established (1921) as a result of negotiations between British and Eamon De Valera.  Six Northern Protestant Counties accepted dominion status as Northern Ireland.  Split of Sinn Fein into right and left-wing groups led to a period of civil war.  Will Cosgrove was President 1922-1931.  Succeeded by De Valera who established (1937) Sovereign County of Ireland (officially Eire) associated in foreign policy with British Commonwealth of Nations.  Trade war betw3een England and Ireland ended.  During World War II Ireland remained neutral and protested continued to agitate for end of separation of Northern Ireland from Eire.  In 1948 De Valera was voted out of power and a coalition chose John Costello new premier.  Republic of Ireland Bill of 1949 established independent nation.  Executive power is vested in Prime Minister and legislative power in the Dail Eireann.  De Valera was Prime Minister from 1951 to 1959, when he resigned and was elected President.  Sean Lemass succeeded him as Prime Minister.  Ireland was admitted United Nations in 1955.

 

Photo taken by Phil Garde on his visit to Ireland in Jan 2001

 

CORK Irish Corcaigh (Marsh) (county, Republic of Ireland), largest and southern most county of the Republic of Ireland, in Munster Province. The Atlantic coastline of the county is broken by numerous bays and inlets, including Cork Harbour, on which is situated the county borough, Cork; Kinsale harbour; and Bantry, Clonakilty, Dunmanus, and Long Island bays. The Blackwater, Lee, and Bandon are the chief rivers of Cork. The western part of the county is Mountainous, with much boggy land; the eastern and southern parts are fertile. Agricultural products include potatoes, turnips, and oats; other industries in Cork include dairying, salmon and mackerel fishing, and mining of coal, copper, manganese, barites, sandstone, and limestone. Area, 7459 sq km (2880 sq mi); population (1991) 410,369.

 

The major towns in County Cork are: Bantry, Bandon, Clonakilty, Cobh, Cork City, Fermoy, Kanturk, Kinsale, Mallow, Mitchelton, Skibbereen Youghal.  Ballycotton, Co.Cork is a small fishing village, surrounded by farming country. The RNLI have a lifeboat stationed in the harbour. Yearly there is held a road race that is second in the popularity to the London marathon. Check out this web site  www.cork-guide.ie/index.html

CORK (city, Republic of Ireland), city in southern Republic of Ireland, county borough and seat of the county of Cork, located on the Lee River, at the head of Cork Harbour inlet. It is the second largest city in Ireland after Dublin. Cork is an important distribution centre for the surrounding agricultural region, and exports cattle and other products. Industrial establishments include breweries, distilleries, and factories for the production of chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

 

The city dates from a religious settlement founded in AD 622 by Saint Finbar. During the 11th century the Danes made it a trading station encircled with walls.  The centre of the old city is an island in the Lee, and the original site was probably near the Cathedral of St. Fin Barr, whose 7th-century monastery attracted many students and votaries. Cork was raided and burned in 821, 846, and 1012 by Norsemen who eventually settled there and founded a trading centre on the banks of the Lee. The town was walled, and it was granted its first charter in 1172when it was taken by King Henry II of England, It was subsequently held by the English for a long period. Cork supported Perkin Warbeck, the pretender to the English throne, when he visited Ireland in 1491–92 and in 1649, during the English civil war; it fell to Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England during the Commonwealth. The town changed hands once more in 1689 when it was captured by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, for William of Orange.  Cork became a centre of Irish nationalist resistance to British military repression, and parts of the city were burned down by the British in retaliation for the ambush of a military convoy. Further devastation followed the conclusion of the Anglo-Irish treaty in 1921, when Irish Republican forces unwilling to accept the treaty held the city for a time.

 

From Encarta 98 Encyclopaedia

Among the notable buildings of the city are the 19th-century Roman Catholic and Anglican cathedrals, Saint Mary's (1808) and Saint Finbar (1880), respectively; and Queen's College, Cork (1849), which has been part of the National University of Ireland since 1908. Many old castles in Ireland have been restored – now used as entertainment centres, banquet halls, museums, or even private residences. Blarney Castle, built in 1446 A.K., 5 miles from Cork City, is set in a beautiful green glen.  Visitors climb the 125 stone spiral steps to the top where they can kiss the Blarney Stone as well as get a superb view of the countryside – 83 feet below.

 

DONEGAL is a county on the north-western coast of the Republic of Ireland. It is one of the three counties in the province of Ulster that do not form part of Northern Ireland.  Donegal is noted for its picturesque mountains, lakes, and sea inlets.  It is also a centre of Gaelic culture.  The name DONEGAL is derived from the Irish name DUN NA NGALL, meaning “fort of the foreigners”.  Many people in west Donegal are bilingual, able to speak both Irish and English.  In “Gaeltacht” areas, Irish is the everyday spoken language.  The Gaeltacht includes many villages along the coast, such as Gweedore and the Rosses point.

 

Donegal is known for cottage industries such as spinning and weaving. The county has given its name to popular hand woven tweed.  Important centres of cottage industries include Ardare, Carndonagh, Donegal and Glenties.

 

Immigration:   Extracted from the:- "Concise Guide to State Archives of New South Wales"

 

Few free settlers were attracted to the penal colony of New South Wales during the first thirty years of its existence, despite the free passages, land grants and other incentives offered at various times during this period. As settlement spread and the proportion of emancipists and native-born increased during the 1820s, however, immigrants began arriving in greater numbers, after the disruption of the Napoleonic Wars. The distance involved, and the logistics of the journey, meant that the numbers going to Australia as compared with North America were much smaller. For the same reasons emigration to Australia was much more controlled. Regulation was applied at points of departure in Britain and Ireland and at entry points in Australia. With increasing prosperity came a growing demand for skilled labour, and the Government responded to this need (and to the problem of the great numerical inequality between the sexes) by introducing a number of assisted immigration schemes from 1832 onwards.

               

The first of the assisted migration schemes began in 1832 when eight single women and eight mechanics and their families left England aboard the "Marianne". Each single woman received a bounty of £8 and each mechanic was advanced £20 against his future wages. From 1832 to 1835, 3074 people received assistance at a cost to the colony of £31,028-6-9. They were selected and ships chartered for them by Emigration Commissioners in the United Kingdom, and during the voyage they were in the charge of the ship's master.

               

In Sydney, emigration was administered by the Colonial Treasurer, Collector of Internal Revenue (and, for a short time) the Superintendent of Emigrants and the Immigration Board.

               

Female immigration was not persevered with and the Colonial Government sent Surgeon-Superintendents to act as Commissioners' selecting agents; while in 1835, employers acting through agents and the Commissioners brought out people with special skills.

               

The Government (or Wakefield) and Bounty systems operated unchanged until the establishment of the Immigration Office and the appointment of the first Immigration Agent in Sydney (James Pinnock) in 1838. The Government system operated until 1840, and the Bounty system until 1845; and their costs were defrayed from funds raised by the sale of waste Crown land in the colony (augmented by the sales of debentures against future land sales from 1842) and by parishes and workhouses in the United Kingdom.

 

There were also government-assisted schemes such as the emigration of workhouse inmates to Australia. Labour had become extremely scarce in Australia around the time of the Famine in Ireland and the colonists in New South Wales and Western Australia pressed the Colonial Office to secure more settlers.  Arrangements were made with the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners for a scheme of assisted emigration and the first 5,000 adults were sent in 1847.

                 

In 1847, the second Bounty system of immigration was set up. The Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners were entrusted with the selection and conveyance of migrants, while the Immigration Board in Sydney decided whether or not shipping companies were entitled to payment for immigrants brought to the Colony.

               

After 1852, most immigrants who received assisted passages did so through relatives and friends. For a short

 period after 1859, shipowners bore the costs of conveyance and were remunerated by the Board, and the small amount of government assistance that was provided was allotted by Legislative vote. In 1861, the Immigration Office was abolished and unassisted immigration, which had been growing apace over the previous 10 years, came into its own. People were, however, still receiving assisted passages in 1896.

               

Immigration became largely a federal matter during the twentieth century, and although New South Wales was involved in administering some immigration schemes (such as post World War II British immigration), overall policy decisions (and the majority of archival records) remain with the Australian Government. Some Ulstermen were to travel to the southern hemisphere as convicts. Convict settlements were a feature of Australian society for nearly a century until the transportation system was progressively withdrawn from 1840 onwards. In that year New South Wales was removed from the system. It was followed by Tasmania in 1852 and Western Australia in 1867. The main reason for this was that the Australian colonists came to regard the convict system as a stigma on those who had chosen to emigrate as well as the criticism in both Britain and Australia because of the inevitable brutality of certain aspects of the convict system.

               

Those emigrants who arranged their travel to Australia were generally better off than those who left Ireland for North America. The costs involved in shipping out to Australia were obviously much higher. Australia, therefore, attracted a significant proportion of emigrants with the resources to set themselves up in business or on the land in the expanding agricultural hinterland of the costal settlements. The descendants of these Ulster emigrants were to play a significant role in the shaping of Australian society.

 

Emigration – The Potato Famines of Ireland – 1845 – 1847.

 

In 1845 there were 300,000 tenant farmers with less than five acres each.  So failure of the food crop meant starvation for scores of thousands.  Then when the potato crop of 1846, which was eagerly expected to cure the distress produced by the “45” failure, was blighted and proved a more overwhelming failure than the year before, and the “47” crop also proved a failure, a million people died, either of direct starvation or of the diseases produced by the famine. As many farmers were unable to pay the land rent to the absentee landlord, thousands of those starving were thrown out of their homes to perish by the roadside.

 

Many of the Irish had emigrated to America or Australia in the early forties and before, but not in the numbers that came over during the Famine.  The rush for ships was extreme.  First a sailing ticket had to be procured from the local agent of the shipping line, usually a small shopkeeper in the nearest market town, and then came the long trek to the port of embarkation. Here delays of several weeks were not unusual while the would-be passenger sought a place on a ship.  The Gardes probably boarded a ship at Queenstown (now renamed Cobh). 

 

 (Extract from a book about the Garde family)  THE FRENCH IRISH GARDES

(From France to Ireland and the U.S.A.) by Virginia Garde. (who has since died) 

 

Our research on the Irish Gardes began in 1965 with an inquiry addressed to the Irish embassy in Washington, D.C.  A reply gave the name of the “Cork Examiner” and an open letter in that newspaper brought more than a dozen letters from Gardes in Ireland or from others who knew or had known some of the family.  Several of the letters referred to the French origin of the Garde family.

 

Many of our correspondents agreed, and later research has confirmed that the earliest known Gardes in Ireland emigrated from France in the 1600’s or possibly the late 1500s.  They were Huguenots, large landowners in the south of France, who fled from their homes and lands during the persecution of Protestants by Catholics whose worldly-minded leaders had convinced them that the Huguenots planned to murder the king and establish the Protestant religion.

               

A set of twenty volumes entitled “Le Nobilaire Universal de France” (St.Allais- - Published in Paris in 1816) gives much information on several LaGarde families in France whose lineage traces back to the year 880.  The following is quoted from volume VIII, page 353 and 354: La Garde “This family is one of the most ancient and of the illustrious of the Province of Limousin.  There have been found some very honourable documents going back some centuries, even before the tenth, going back to the year 880.  We see then William de La Garde, qualified as a valiant and powerful knight, the friend, relative and companion-at-arms of Ademar, viscount of Echelles.  Some authentic fragments attest to the illustrious heirs of this house; and the witnessing of several celebrate historians, among them the scholar, Baluze, supports this also.  In the election of Tulles the family owned the lordship of Daumar, of which several of its members have carried the name.  One notices in its line, marriages with many great and celebrated families; the Foucant, the D’Ayen, the Lanchelion, the D'Ailly, eh Forcalquier, the Montvalon.  One knight de la Garde married in the 14th century a young lady Roger, relative of Pope Clement VI, who himself was called “Pierre Roger”.  The family de La Garde has given to the church several bishops and cardinals.  One of them, William, was the Patriarch of Jerusalem archbishop of Arles, and crowned in this last town (i.e. Arles) in 1365 by Charles IV emperor of Germany.  Another De La Garde, also an archbishop of Arles, was vice-roi of Naples during the minority years of Queen Jeanne.  He was her tutor and had the honour of consecrating (perhaps crowning) this princess.  Their pictures still existed in the gallery of the archbishop of Arles before the Revolution.  Another La Garde, a man of fine reputation, was procurer-general in the parliament of Aix in the 18th century.  He received from Louis XIV some very special marks of esteem.  He employed more than 300,000 pounds of his fortune in the founding of some hospitals.

               

Besides the famous de La Gardes mentioned above, the book also tells of Counsellors in the Parliament and Army Officers of every rank.  There are pages and pages of genealogies of de La Garde families.  In Volume XI is another long treatment of a de La Garde family – the branch in Languedoc Province.  Among these Gardes is the only mention of any Garde who emigrated.  This was Augustine, son of Louis Charles De La Garde and Jeanne Frances who were married in 1747. It is noted that Augustine “departed for the Isles”.  Volume IV, page 50, has a list of families who received special recognition.  Among them are: Paris du Gard, received the honour in 1532, Anne de La Garde in 1597 & Toussaint de La Garde in 1621.

               

Enough of the Garde “Nobility”!  Obviously these Gardes were Catholic.  Where then did the Huguenots come into the Garde genealogy?  It is conceivable that some of the La Gardes, through choice or necessity, left the faith of their fathers and embraced the teachings of Calvin (1509-1564).  At that period in France, as in other parts of Europe, the Reformation was gaining strength and Protestant views were spreading rapidly.  The Protestants of France (the Huguenots) soon became a political power in the Kingdom.  So it seems very likely that some of the La Gardes were attracted to the new philosophy.

The latter half of the 16th century became a series of bloody civil wars between the two parties – Catholic and Protestant.  Perhaps some of the Garde brothers were among those who left their native land during these years of bloodshed.  By 1598, Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes giving Huguenots freedom of worship tho he himself espoused the Catholic faith on his ascent to the throne.  Later, certain rights to fortifications were taken from the Huguenots and they became less than loyal subjects.  Again many migrated to other lands.  The Great Migration, of course, came after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685-Louis XIV) when Huguenots were ordered to join the Catholic Church.  Soldiers were sent into the provinces to compel obedience.  It is estimated that 300,000 Huguenots fled into Switzerland, Holland, England, Ireland and to America.

               

Of course it is possible, too that the Gardes from whom the Irish Gardes descended were a separate branch of Huguenots – who had always been Protestant.  We have not attempted any actual researching France or England – perhaps we may someday, after we have all the Irish lines untangled, and have some definite ancestral names to look for.  In the south of France today, there is a Gard Province, a Gard River, a town of Garde and a Pont due Gard (Gard Bridge).  In the Paris telephone directory there are columns and columns of Garde, LaGarde and a few Gard names.  I notice that all the names with the La before them, also have the “e” at the end.

               

There are varying stories regarding the course taken by the Gardes once they had left France.  One version tells of seven brothers who set sail from France, headed for England, but landed instead at Garryvoe, County Cork, on the southeast coast of Ireland after their ship was blown off course.  There they settled, year unknown.  Other Garde families claim descent from three Garde bothers that fled to England, settled in Kent, and later came to Ireland.

               

An article which appears in the Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society (1899) reports as follows: “Garde- the stem of this family is supposed to be found in Kent, and the Gardes are said to have originally come from France, but at what time the migration from the latter country took place does not appear.  In or about the year 1650, three brothers came from Kent, it is said, to Ireland, with the English Army, and tradition hands down the report that they were three of the largest men amongst those who drew the sword”.

               

Since descendants of these Kentish Gardes also claim Garryvoe as their Irish origin, it is possible that two different sets of Garde brothers arrived at Garryvoe at two different times.  The first may have come earlier, direct from France, then the three bothers from Kent at a later date.  One thing seems certain.  No Irish record shows a prefix before the Garde name, so the La and the Du must have been left back in the provinces or thrown overboard in passage.  A few records show only Gard but most are spelt with the “e”.

 

Information supplied by Sue Palmer-Gard:

I had been in contact with Virginia Garde for 3 years prior to her demise.  I had been helping her with another Supplementary re the Australian connection.  I lost contact with her after her broken leg.  I have her Green book – (there is a Red & Blue) and her Supplementary of 1985.

 

Now as the 1985 was her last work you can appreciate that 17 years have passed and much more information has come to light, as well as the Internet.  With this information I have updated much of V/G work – the Irish and Australia packs – and connecting many families.  I have also done the Family groups connecting them into already published family trees.  There are 13 families lines from 1650 that I cannot connect.  I have put together a “Companion to V/Gardes work which is comprehensive but nowhere near complete.

 

 

 

Gravestone Inscriptions
Killeagh Burial Ground
Co. Cork

Updated 16 June 1999  Transcribed from public records by Margaret Moon

1.        Erected by William Coughlan of Carhue, in memory of his daughter Mary Coughlan who departed this Life August 1 1817, age 18 years

2.        Erected by James Beausang of Gurtcorcoran, in memory of his beloved wife Elizabeth, d. February 16 1893, age 75. Also his granddaughter Alice Maher of Midleton, d. March 19 1895, age 9 years.

3.        In memory of Julia Hayes, Dromadda Beg, Ladysbridge, d. October 2 1962 Erected by her loving family - E. Sheedy

4.        Erected by Rev. Richard Canon Smiddy P.P. Aghada in memory of his mother Honora wife of Pierse Smiddy of Ballymakeigh who died July 12 1875 aged 91 years.  Also of his brothers, John died March 25 1851, aged 38 years, Lawrence died January 22 1847 aged 20 years, and Pierse died December 5 1854, aged 25 years.

5.        Stone Broken, _____Body of Ann _____ Wm. Kenah who _____ life the 20th day _____ 36 years, 1723.

6.        Erected by Ellen Gleeson of Glenane in memory of her husband James Gleeson who died January 29 1869, aged 68 years. Also her daughter Mary Ahern who died December 22 1884zJ, aged 33 years. Also her children Mary Kate & Frances.

7.        Erected by Ellen Doyle of Upper Burgess in memory of her beloved Father & Mother Denis & Mary Gleeson of Castlerichard. Also her brothers James, Richard, William, John & Denis Gleeson.

8.        Erected by Ellen Doyle of Upper Burgess in the memory of her beloved husband Richard Doyle who died April 7 1876, aged 57 years. Also her children Mary, Ellen, John & William.

9.        By Mary Middy alias Mahony of Ballynatting in memory of her husband Richard Smiddy whose death was mournfully lamented on the 14 March 1832, aged 33 years.

10.     Erected in memory of Pierce Smiddy of Ballymakiemore whose death was mournfully lamented on 15 October 1827, aged 46 years.

11.     Erected by Richard Smiddy in memory of his beloved wife Mary Bride who departed this life January 9 1816 aged 60 years. Also here Lyeth the above named Richard Smiddy who departed this life January 8 1832, aged 84 years.

12.     Erected by their son Daniel in memory of Jeremiah Sullivan who died 1858, aged 55 years. Also of Mary Sullivan aged 78 years who died April 25 1879

13.     In loving memory of Patrick Hyde died Dec 20 1966. His Daughter Catherine. Erected by K. Hyde

14.     Erected by Owen Hanagan of nockmunlay in memory of his brother Thomas Hanagan who departed this life June 7 1823. aged 55 years.

15.     In loving memory of Catherine Kelleher, Cross Street Youghal died June 30 1922. Also her daughter Nora died May 21 1918.

16.     Erected by Maurice Walsh in memory of his son Thomas Walsh who departed this life February 28 1816 aged 31 years.

17.     Erected by Betty Deacon in memory of her husband John Deacon who died March 22 1873. aged 70 years. Also her father John Walsh died April 1 1853, aged 80 years.

18.     Erected by John Cunningham in memory of his mother Elizabeth Carthy who died March 6 1810, aged 74 years. Also his father Edmond Cunningham died January 26 1816, aged 73 years. Their daughter Juley died May 5 1813, aged 43 years.

19.     Here lies the body of Thomas Doyle who departed this life September 5 1813, aged 70 years. Also his wife Catherine Walsh who died September 15 1813, aged 60 years.

20.     Here Lieth the body of John Doyle who departed this life May 1 1777, aged 84 years.

21.     Erected by Mary Coleman of Springfield in memory of her husband William Ahern who departed this life October 29, 1823, aged 64 years.

22.     Erected by Joseph Vaughan of Redbarn in memory of his beloved wife Mary Vaughan Alias Howrahan who departed this life October 8 1826 aged 42 years.

23.     Erected by John Chamberlain and wife Johanna Roche in memory of their children James departed this life April 1 1815, aged 36 years. Margaret died March 26 1821, aged 41. Jeremiah died October 15 1822 Aged 36 years. John Died February 25 1823 aged 50.

24.     Erected by John Chamberlain and wife Johanna Roach of Ladybridge as a Mark for the Burial place of Himself and Family. Also their son Patrick Chamberlain Departed this life August 1 1824, aged 38 years. The above John Chamberlain died August 1 1828, aged 88 years. His wife Johanna Chamberlain died March 27 1837 aged 76 years.

25.     Erected by John Morris of Cloyne in memory of his father James. He died February 3 1824, aged 70 years.

26.     Here lieth the body of Maurice Hartnett who departed this life August 23 17__, aged 42 years.

27.     Here lieth the body of Bridget Conningham who departed this life November 15 1783, aged 21 years.

28.     Here lies the body of Michael Collins who died January 9 1790, aged 21 years.

29.     Here lieth the body of Maurice Morris who died March 1 1733, aged 27 years. Also his wife Margaret Coalman who died March 25 1771, aged 60 years.

30.     The Revd. Patrick Morris erected this Tomb in memory of his beloved father Redmond Morris of Killeagh who departed this life January 18 1829, aged 79 years.

31.     Erected by Philip O'Neill, Ballycurrane in memory of his beloved wife Ellen who died July 4 1909. Also in memory of Her father and Mother Patrick & Elizabeth Kelleher. Also the above Phil O'Neill died August 14 1911.

32.     Here lies the body of John Sullivan who deceased April 8 1780, aged 26 years.

33.     Erected by Mary Fitzgerald of Mountbell in memory of her beloved husband David Fitzgerald who departed this life May 21 1874, aged 60 years.

34.     This stone was erected by Edmond & Patrick Stack to be their burial place in memory of their mother Catherine Knah died January 24 1889, aged 62 years. Also Edmond Stack died September 1 1839, aged 48 years.

35.     Erected by Thomas Downing

36.     Here lieth the body of Jone McCarthy who departed this life August 5 1748, aged 40 years.

37.     This is the burying place of John Lynch & His children. His son Michael died June 1 1759 aged 25 years. John Lynch of Curraghlea, Ballymacoda died September 16 1911 his wife Catherine died April 7 1958.

38.     Here lies the body of Maurice Lynch who departed this life April 3 1778, aged 28 years. Also his sister Margaret Lynch who departed this life 26 1795, aged 50 years.

39.     Erected by Jeremiah Fitzgerald in memory of his son Jeremiah Fitzgerald who departed this life February 9 1855, aged 23 years.

40.     This stone is erected by John Hartnet in memory of his wife Elinor McCarthy who died December 6 1771, aged 51 years.

41.     Here Lyeth the body of Thomas Hartnet who departed this life October 1 1740, aged 53 years.

42.     Erected by Margaret Hennessey, alias Morris, in memory of her most beloved husband James Hennessey who departed this life August 15 1836, aged 31 years.

43.     Here lieth the body of Michael Bride who departed this life October 9 1791, aged 72 years. Also his wife Mary Morris who departed this life February 2 1794, aged 64 years.

44.     Here lies the body of Ellen Coleman who deceased September 18 1780, aged 32 years. Also Elizabeth Coleman alias Clancy died March 27 1801, aged 42 years.

45.     Here lies the body of Jeremiah Coleman who departed this life June 30 1777, aged 70 years.

46.     Here lieth the body of Ellen Coleman who departed this life November 12 1785, aged 25 years. Also Johanna Coleman wife of David Bride who died September 5 1794, aged 26 years.

47.     This stone was erected by James Sullivan in memory of his wife Mary Coleman who died January 30 1790, aged 26 years.

48.     Here lieth the body of Mary Fitzgerald who departed this life May 18 1789, aged 55 years. Also buried Patrick Cronin September 1795 aged 63 years. Also his eldest son John died October, aged 35 years.

49.     Erected by Richard Walshe of Ballycotton

50.     Erected by Mary Morrison of Kilcredan in memory of her beloved husband John Morrison who died August 24 1856, aged 40 years. Also her loving son John who died April 24 1885 aged 42 years.

51.     Erected by Bridget Ahern alias Morrison in memory of her brother James who died May 1885 aged 76 years.

52.     Erected by Edmond Lynch of Redbarn in memory of his daughter Johana Lynch who died December 10 1856, aged 15 years.

53.     This is ye burying place of ye family of James Keary and his wife His daughter Peggy died February 4 1731 aged 8 years.

54.     Erected by Timothy Daly of Gurtnagopal in memory of his son John who departed this life July 14 1830, aged 5 years.

55.     Erected by W.H. Austin to the memory of his brother J.C. Austin who died November 20 1843, aged 33 years.

56.     Erected by John Broderick of Drumd____ in memory of his beloved daughter Hanora Broderick who died March 13 1846, aged 30 years.

57.     Here lies the body of Maurice Cahill who died June 19 1789, aged 67 years. Also his son Jeremiah Cahill who died March 25 1781, aged 22 years. Registered by Michael & Patrick Cahill Died 1855.

58.     Here Lyeth the body of Ellen Cahill the wife of Maurice Coleman who departed this life January 3 1751, aged 26 years.

59.     Here lieth the body of Cornelius Quinlan who departed this life June 24 1739, aged 31 years.

60.     This stone was erected by Timothy Quinlan in memory of his wife Mary Donovan who died February 24 1791, aged 46 years.

61.     Here lieth the body of Cornelius Quinlan who died March 24 1791, aged 35 years.

62.     Erected by Mary Quinlan alias Kenifeck of Cloyne in memory of her beloved and much lamented husband Timothy Quinlan who departed this life August 30 1830, aged 40 years.

63.     This stone was erected by William Kelly in memory of his wife Bridget Hennessy who died December 20 1784, aged 23 years.

64.     John Kelly died April 19 1767, aged 72 years. Also his wife Meary Aghern died February 2 1770, aged 61.

65.     Erected by Patrick Flavin who died May 1 1852, aged 75 years. Also his daughter Bridget died January 14 1883, aged 22 years.

66.     Erected by Thomas Walsh Curraheen, Ballymacoda in memory of his mother Ellen Walsh. Her sister Margaret Crowley Their mother Ellen Daly. Wallis, Midleton.

67.     Sacred to the memory of John O'Brien of Garrenjames who died October 20 1871, aged 66 years.

68.     Erected by John O'Brien of Killeagh in memory of his beloved brother Patrick O'Brien who departed this life January 30 1832, aged 40 years.

69.     Erected by John O'Brien of Killeagh in memory of his beloved wife Ellen O'Brien alias Hayes who departed this life April 7 1844, aged 33 years.

70.     Here lieth ye body of William Prinivil who departed this life September 25 1751, aged 23 years.

71.     Erected by John Condon in memory of his father Pierce Condon who departed this life March 10 1814, aged 52 years. Also his mother Elizabeth Condon alias Kelly died August 25 1823, aged 55 years.

72.     Here lieth the body of Philip Harty who died July 18 1762, aged 75 years.

73.     Here lieth the body of Daniell Donovan who departed this life March 27 1731, aged 38 years.

74.     Here lieth ye body of William Broder who departed this life July 22 1758, aged 21 years.

75.     Erected by Mary Bride alias Hallaran in memory of her beloved husband Michael Bride of Ahadoe who departed this life February 14 1844, aged 54 years. Also her mother Mary Ronayne died November 24 1843, aged 80 years.

76.     Erected by Daniel Fawley as a tribute of his affection to the memory of his beloved father Daniel Fawley of Killeagh who departed this life February 6 1833, aged 64 years.

77.     Erected by Denis Ahern of Ballycurnane in memory of his beloved son William Ahern who departed this life March 4 1839, aged 26 years. Michael Joyce, Castlemartyr.

78.     Erected by Edmond Ryan of Killeagh in memory of his mother Margaret Ryan alias Dorgan who died September 4 1888, aged 70 years. W. Flood

79.     This was erected by John O'Neill in memory of his family & son Henry O'Neill who departed this life December 14 1814, aged 3 years.

80.     Erected & made by Redmond Cunningham in memory of Abigale Butler his wife who departed this life April 30 1815, aged 71 years. Also for burying place for himself & family.

81.     Erected by Michael Mahony of Knocknagapagh in memory of his father John Mahony who died October 6 1862, aged 75 years. Also his mother Ellen Mahony died June 7 1864, aged 80 years.

82.     This stone was erected by Patrick Condon in memory of his son John who died March 17 1797, aged 30 years.

83.     This stone was erected by John Loughlin of Hermitage to commemorate the burial place of his brother Edmond Loughlin whose remains lieth here interned. He died September 27 1811, aged 31 years.

84.     Here lieth the body of Thomas Loughlin who departed this life May 24 1783, aged 30 years. Footstone: Cate Carty died March 6 1784, aged 24 years.

85.     Erected by Timothy Lochlin to the memory of his father Jeremiah Lochlin who departed this life June 17 1797, aged 71 years.

86.     Here lieth the body of John Loughlin who departed this life March 1 1764, aged 32 years. Also the body of Mary Loughlin who departed this life November 1 176_, aged 28 years.

87.     Here lieth the body of Michael Welsh who departed this life August 24 1771, aged 54 years.

88.     Erected by Daniel Ahern in memory of his beloved father-in-law Edmond Power died March 4 1826, aged 70 years. Also his brother-in-law William Power died August 21 1835, aged 42 years.

89.     Erected by Robert Simcox of Aghadoe in memory of his beloved wife Ellen Simcox who died March 4 1839, aged 52 years.

90.     Erected by Alexander Smith of Newmarket in memory of his beloved wife Catherine Smith alias Simcox who departed this life June 18 1842, aged, 28 years.

91.     Erected by William Prior in memory of his daughter Ellen Prior who died January 1 1801, aged 15 years.

92.     Erected by Catherine Mackey of Ladybridge in memory of her beloved husband Michael died March 29 1874, aged 42 years. Also her daughter Katie died October 25 1885, aged 20 years. In loving memory of Catherine Mackey died February 2 1904. Coffey, Midleton

93.     Erected in memory of Mary Ellen & Bridgie Kavanagh who died at Midleton 1874. By their loving parents Michael & Ellen Kavanagh Minneapolis, Minnesaota, USA and of their grandmother Mary Anglum died 1885. Coffey, Midleton

94.     Here lieth the body of Mary Cotter who died December 2 1798, aged 34 years.

95.     Here lieth the body of William Cotter who died January 16 1799, aged 23 years.

96.     Here lieth the body of William Welsh who Deceased February 15 1741, aged 56 years. Also the body of his son John who died May 11 1770, aged 55 years.

97.     Erected by Lieutenant Patrick Walsh of Castlemary in memory of his Father & Mother. His father William Walsh departed this life April 4 1800, aged 75 years. Also his mother Mary Walsh died April 20 1808, aged 63 years.

98.     Erected by Bridget Walsh alias Cody to commemorate the memory of her beloved husband William Walsh of Killeagh who died April 21 1859, aged 65 years.

99.     Here lieth the body of Anne Ahern who departed this life July 11 1774, aged 20 years.

100.  Here lieth ye body of John Ahern who departed this life July 26 1751, aged 21 years.

101.  Erected by William Kearney of Cloynepriest in memory of his much beloved wife Margaret Kearney alias Ahern who departed this life July 30 1826, aged 36 years.

102.  Erected by Johana Coleman alias Reagan in memory of her most beloved and lamented husband Michael Coleman Jr. of Glenbower who departed this life June 3 1832, aged 35 years.

103.  Erected by Ellen Harty of Aghadoe in memory of her beloved son William Davis who departed this life May 28 1836, aged 18 years.

104.  Erected by Thomas & James Finn of Ballinalahough in memory of their brother Patrick Finn who departed this life March 10 1836, aged 38 years.

105.  In loving memory of John Godsell who departed this life October 19 1917. His wife Susanna February 7 1946. His son John January 5 1962.

106.  This stone was erected by Thomas Fitzgerald in memory of his father John Fitzgerald who departed this life March 27 1786, aged 67 years.

107.  Erected by Maurice McAuliffe of Currheen in memory of his father John McAuliffe who died April 23 1889, aged 82 years.

108.  [Chest Tomb] This tomb was erected by John Godsell of Ballyglassin to the memory of his wife Mary Godsell who departed this life May 15 1795, aged 82 years.

109.  Erected by Maurice Ahern of Ballinacarriga in memory of his beloved son Michael Ahern who departed this life May 31 1830, aged 28 years.

110.  Erected by Maurice Ahern in memory of his father Cornelius Ahern of Ballykilty who departed this life June 28 1827, aged 72 years.

111.  This stone was erected by Mary Morriss in memory of her husband William Ahern who departed this life August 15 1787, aged 35 years.

112.  erected by Daniel Mullins of Ballygashin in memory of his father Michael Mullins who departed this life March 12 1824, aged 85 years. Also his beloved wife Anne Mullins alias Duhig died December 28 1841 aged 65 years.

113.  J.M. 1927

114.  This place is erected by Henry Bellamy in memory of his father Thomas Bellamy who departed this life July 13 1761, aged 50 years. Also his son Henry died April 16 1806, aged 9 years.

115.  In memory of Mrs. Elizabeth Colman died August 18 1866, aged 66 years. Also her daughter Mary died September 20 1856, aged 10 years.

116.  In loving memory of William T. B. Croley who died March 17 1913. Also his dearly loved mother Ellen Saul Croley and his beloved sister Mary Frances Croley. Erected by his loving children and sisters. O'Connell, Cork

117.  Erected by Margaret Saul of Killeagh in memory of her father Thomas Lawton who departed this life February 11 1833, aged 100 years. D. Myles, Cloyne

118.  Erected by James Hayes of Killeagh in memory of his beloved wife Mary Hayes alias Saul who departed this life April 11 1853, aged 33 years. Also her mother Margaret Saul Hayes Lawton who departed this life December 29 1842, aged 66 years.

119.  Erected by John Donovan of Garrymore in memory of his father, mother, sister and grandfather. J. Maguire

120.  Here lieth the body of John Bride of Killeagh who died April 28 1802, aged 55 years.

121.  Erected by Joanna Cunningham in memory of her husband James Cunningham who died July 19 1804, aged 61 years.

122.  Chest Tomb] this tomb was erected by Mr. Richard Garde of Garrymore to the memory of his brother John Garde Esq. late of Kilbarry who departed this life May 1775, aged 38 years. Here lieth the body of Richard Gard of Garrymore, Gent. who departed this life January 19 1796, aged 58 years. Also Mrs. Alicia Garde relic of the late Richard Garde of Garrymore Esq. She died April 12 1821, aged 70 years.

123.  Erected by John Hurley in memory of his father William Hurley who departed this life March 1 1819, aged 52 years. Also his brother William who died April 1841, aged 22 years.

124.  Erected by Patrick Cunningham of Killeagh in memory of his beloved father Michael Cunningham who died October 20 1845, aged 45 years. Also his brother John died July 10 1860, aged 20 years. Also his sister Ellen died August 11 1841, aged 7 years. His mother died in America May 10 1860, aged 50 years.

125.  Erected by Mary Troy alias Cunningham of Rieske in memory of her beloved father William Cunningham who died February 16 1850, aged 76 years. Also her mother Elizabeth Cunningham alias Barry who died June 12 1854.

126.  Erected by Barth. Carey of Killeagh as a small tribute of final affection to the memory of his daughter Johanna who died February 15 1846, aged 21 years. Thomas Carey who died June 20 1943. Joyce

127.  Matthew Mullins, Daniel, John their tomb.

128.  Erected by James McCormack of Killeagh in memory of his son James who died March 10 1876, aged 19 years. Also his daughter Kate died April 12 1877, aged 16 years. James McCormack died May 19 1885, aged 73 years.

129.  Erected by William Seyviord in memory of his son Patrick Seyviord who departed this life June 5 1819, aged 36 years.

130.  Here lieth the body of Elilabeth Lenchy who departed this life April 27 1741, aged 24 years.

131.  Erected by Edmond Sawyard in memory of his brother John Sawyard who departed this life June 1 1828, aged 40 years. Also his mother Margaret Sawyard alias O'Niell who died November 3 1822, aged 60 years.

132.  Erected by William Gorman in memory of his father John Gorman who departed this life August 24 1773, aged 72 years. Also his mother Mary Cooney who departed February 4 1789, aged 79 years.

133.  Here lieth the body of William Cotter who departed this life February 3 1738, aged 56 years.

134.  Erected by Cornelius Cunningham in memory of his affection and dearly beloved wife Lucy Cunningham alias McCarthy who died October 5 1801, aged 36 years.

135.  [Chest Tomb] Here lieth the body of Francis Moston who died October 6 1777, aged 89 years. Also his wife Mary Moston who died May 6 1876, aged 64 years. His son James died March 7 ????, aged 9 years.

136.  Erected by Jeremiah O'Bryan of Ballyverigan in memory of his beloved son Jeremiah O'Bryan who died March 26 1833, aged 22 years.

137.  Erected by Patrick Harnett of Monagurra in memory of his dearly beloved father Maurice Harnett who departed this life September 22 1836, aged 70 years. And as a burial place for himself and family.

138.  Erected by John Ahern of Monagurra in memory of his beloved wife Prudence Ahern alias Hartnett who departed this life October 2 1868, aged 25 years.

139.  Erected by Ellen Bransfield in memory of her beloved husband Richard Bransfield who died March 27 1910, aged 84 years. Also their children John & Ellen.

140.  Erected by Robert Howard in memory of his father-in-law and mother-in-law James & Johanna Evans who died February 1 1835, aged 66 years.

141.  Erected by Margaret Henesy alias Bride in memory of her husband Jeremiah Henesy of Killeagh who departed this life January 17 1813, aged 48 years.

142.  Erected by the Revd. P Hennessy P.P. of Castle Connell, Co. Limerick in memory of his mother Mary Hennessy who died December 17 1835, aged 58 years.

143.  Erected by Ellen Cudigan alias Condon of Gurtaroe in memory of her beloved husband John Cudigan who departed this life December 25 1840, aged 50 years.

144.  Erected by Richard Fitzgerald in memory of his son Patrick who died July 30 1794, aged 12 years.

145.  Here lieth the body of Timothy Henessy who died January 21 1794, aged 32 years.

146.  Here lies the body of Thomas Gorman who departed this life January 8 1795, aged 40 years. Also his sister Margaret Gorman who died July 20 1793, aged 22 years.

147.  Erected by Michael Hunt of Rhincrew in memory of his mother Margaret Hunt and his son William Hunt aged 16 years. Mary Leahy died May 10 1953. Thomas Hunt Ballycondon died May 20 1956. J. Fitzgerald Youghal

148.  Erected by Patrick Condon of Clonmane in memory of his beloved father Pierce Condon who died March 25 1812, aged 32 years.

149.  Here lieth the body of Patrick Bellew who departed this life October 4 1748, aged 66 years.

150.  Sacred to the memory of Thomas Loughlan late of Phanisk who died January 31 1871, aged 76 years. Also his wife Mary Loughlan alias Walsh died June 13 1868, aged 70 years.

151.  Erected by Mary Dillon alias Butler in memory of her beloved husband John Dillon of Killeagh who departed this life November 6 1838, aged 56 years.

152.  Sacred to the memory of James [Bolus] Johnson Esq. died May 27 1860, aged 61 years. Also Miss Mary Elizabeth Taylor his niece died November 9 1859, aged 57 years.

153.  Erected by William & Michael Brien of Ballymackeagh in memory of their father William who died December 24 1866, aged 76 years. Cofoey, Midleton

154.  Erected by William Ahern & his wife Johanna Toomey of Ballynacole in memory of his father John Ahern who departed this life June 13 1802, aged 53 years. Also his son James Ahern departed May 2 1820, aged 6 years.

155.  This stone was erected by John Mullowney & his wife Margaret Adams in memory of their daughter Ann who died May 20 1792, aged 30 years.

156.  Here lies the body of Elizabeth Carthy who departed this life February 25 1787, aged 19 years.

157.  This stone was erected by Charles McCarthy and his wife in memory of their two daughters Mary) died June 30 1787, aged 18 years. Geona died March 24 1793, aged 18 years.

158.  Erected by Lizzy Pierce in memory of her beloved brother Robert Cadogan w_fwwho died November 15 1872, aged 22 years.

159.  In loving memory of Elizabeth Connolly of Killeagh died June 29 1895, aged 52 years. Also Kate Treacy of Killeagh died November 21 1921,aged 80 years.

160.  Erected by Thomas Seward of Curragheeshill in memory of his beloved brothers Robert died March 10 1844, aged 31 years. Also Charles died April 20 1844, aged 36 years.

161.  In memory of Philip Aherne who died 1865. Also his wife Anastatia Aherne nee O'Neill and their daughter Anastatia. Fitzgerald, Youghal

162.  Here lies the body of Philip Aherne who died October 2 1796, aged 50 years.

163.  Erected by Mary Hodnett of Carrigarostig in memory of her beloved father Thomas Aherne of Ballycurnane who died May 4 1834, aged 90 years.

164.  Erected by Barth. Denahy as a preservative of the memory of his father Timothy Denahy of Cloyne who departed this life October 26 1817.

165.  This is the Burying place of Robert Joyce and his children. Erected by his daughter Mary Joyce. He departed this life March 5 1783, aged 43 years. [Footstone] Here lieth the body of Colman Joyce who departed this life December 24 1724.

166.  Here lieth the body of Catherine Welsh who departed this life February 27 1741, aged 12.

167.  This is ye burying place of William Bryen. His family. His wife. Catherine Scannel died January 13 1754, aged 30 years.

168.  Here lieth the body of Thomas Aherne who departed this life March 1 1764, aged 50 years. Also his wife Jeilian Cinkler who buried here April 13 1770, aged 59 years.

169.  Erected by Benjamin Cain of Ballycoleman in memory of his brother William. Also his daughter Mary died September 29 1843, aged 28 years.

170.  [Large Chest Tomb] Thomas Murdock Green Esq. died January 22 1864, aged 64 years.

171.  Erected by John Dorgan of Ballycurnane in memory of his beloved son Daniel Dorgan who departed this life May 12 1842, aged 39 years. J. Ahern

172.  Erected by William O'Brien in memory of his father James O'Brien of Bridgefield who departed this life March 8 1826, aged 74 years. Also his sister Julia O'Brien died May 10 1813, aged 20 years.

173.  Erected by Mary Flynn alias O'Brien in memory of her most beloved and lamented husband John Flynn of Knockane who departed this life April 18 1835, aged 63 years.

174.  Erected by Hannah Flynn alias Bride in memory of her beloved husband William who died January 5 1885, aged 30 years. Also his father William died December 4 1878, aged 80 years.

175.  Erected by John Kennedy & Thomas Walsh in memory of their grandfather Thomas O'Brien who died May 15 1854, aged 80 years. Also John Kennedy died April 1 1857, aged 46 years.

176.  Here lies the body of Owen Ahern who departed this life April 22 1787, aged 32 years.

177.  Erected by Richard Murphy) in memory of his beloved father John Murphy who died December 1879, aged 68 years. Also his sister Ellen who died September 1886, aged 22 years.

178.  Erected By William Dorthey in memory of his father died 1832, aged 52 years. Also his mother died 1871, aged 85 years.

179.  Erected by Patrick & William Daly of Killeagh in memory of their mother Ellen Daly alias Doherty who died June 21 1866, aged 66 years. Also their father Michael Daly died March 7 1868, aged 68 years. Also Michael Doherty died 1866.

180.  John Lawlis, wife and family. Carpenter, Ightermurrough.

181.  Erected by Susan Lawless of Lisquinlan in memory of her beloved husband John Lawless who died July 11 1869, aged 66 years.

182.  In memory of their daughter Margaret C. D. Sandiford died May 26 1910.

183.  In loving memory of Bridget Carroll who died March 28 1904 and her daughter Minnie died December 6 1890. Erected by her husband Patrick Carroll, Station Master, Killeagh and her loving children. C. Mayne, Midleton

184.  Erected by Thomas Ahern in memory of his father James Ahern of Knocknascagh who died March 16 1829, aged 86 years. Also his mother Bridget died June 13 1816, aged 64 years.

185.  Here lies the body of John Mountain who died March 9 1774, aged 39 years. Also his father John Mountain.

186.  Erected in loving memory of Warren Connery died May 20 1897. Also William Connery of Glenawilling died October 9 1893. His son James died June 17 1933.

187.  Erected by Joanna Ryan in memory of her husband Owen Ryan who died April 10 1795, aged 62 years. And as a mark for the burial place of the family.

188.  Erected by John Mahony of Killeagh in memory of his beloved daughter Ellen Mahony who departed this life October 25 1839, aged 21 years.

189.  This stone is erected by James Cotter in memory of his daughter Johana who departed this life January 10 1797, aged 32 years.

190.  Erected by Edmond Cotter of Youghal in memory of his Father & mother Thomas & Ellen Cotter. His wife Julian Cotter died April 2 1803, aged 22 years. Also this tomb was erected by John Cotter to the memory of his father Bartholomew who died May 14 1781, aged 86 years.

191.  This stone has been dedicated by Michael Coleman of Lismore as a small tribute of affection to the memory of his lamented mother Margaret Walsh who departed this life June 29 1826, aged 52 years.

192.  Tumulus Alani Greatrakes 1766 Nec nos reliquit sed antecessit tandem liber tandem tutus tandem aeternus.

193.  This tomb was erected to the memory of Mr. Henry Davis late of Ballymakey who departed this life November 4 1791, aged 57 years.

194.  Here lies the remanis of WalterzJ Molton who departed this life December 20 1780, aged 20 years. Also the remains of Elen Molton his mother son of Elen who departed this life April 6 1797, aged 44 years.

195.  Erected by Martin Barry of Fanisk in loving memory of his wife Bridget who died June 6 1933.

196.  Erected by Parrick Mahony of Garrymore in memory of his father Mathias Mahony who departed this life December 24 1830, aged 92 years. Also his beloved son Patrick Mahony who died February 7 1826, aged 14 years.

197.  Erected by Thomas Smiddy, Garrymore in memory of his mother Fanny Smiddy nee Mahony who died January 28 1896, aged 49 years.

198.  In memory of Mary Mahony of Youghal Park who died June 4 1938 and her mother Margaret Barry of Ballinacarriga Killeagh who died May 1 1936.

199.  In memory of Elizabeth Frances Boles wife of Rev. John Garde died September 11 1861. And their daughter Anna Mary Garde died April 19 1902.

200.  Erected by Thomas F. Barry in loving memory of his Uncle John D. Barry died February 15 1915, aged 82 years.

201.  Sacred to the memory of Edward Butler Bychall of Ballycarnane, Killeagh who departed this life September 9 1867, aged 49 years.

202.  [Chest Tomb] Here lieth the body of William Hall who departed this life December 4 17??, ?5 years.

203.  Sacred to the memory of Michael Mountain who departed this life April 5 1810, aged 58 years. Erected by his wife Mary. Erected by Ellen Fleming of Gurthnagoppul in memory of her husband Michael Mountain who departed this life October 24 1825, aged 37 years.

204.  In memory of John Cashman of Youghal who departed this life February 5 1861. aged 71 years. Also his wife Julia Cashman died January 1871, aged 72 years. Their daughter Mary Roche died February 26 1878, aged 45 years. And his son John Cashman died March 20 1886, aged 51 years. Catherine Hannafin of Burgess died August 20 1891, aged 85 years.

205.  In loving memory of John Lawton of Midleton who died December 25 1887, aged 46 years. Erected by his children.

206.  Erected by Patrick Hubbard in memory of his father and mother. His father John Hubbard died May 2 1793, aged 60 years. his Mother Mary Hubbard alias Browne died September 29 1803, aged 60 years.

207.  Erected August 1857 by Edmond Daly of Midleton in memory of his father Timothy Daly who died February 1833, aged 86 years and his mother Elizabeth aged 88 years. Also his beloved wife Brigett who died December 3 1855, aged 55 years. His brother Michael aged 24 years. And his son Timothy Daly who died March 6 1867, aged 36 years.

208.  Erected by his fellow countrymen to the memory of Timothy Daly of Midleton who fell fighting for his Country's Independence in Castlemartyr on the night of March 6 1867, aged 34 years. God Save Ireland J.J. Coffey, Midleton.

209.  Here lieth the body of Willen Mountin who departed this life March 14 1723. Here also lieth the body of Welmle Mountain who died March 25 1724.

210.  In loving memory of Mary Ahern nee Scanlan of Killeagh who died May 4 1899 and her fond mother sister and brother. Erected by her daughter Kate Wallace. D. McCarthy, White St. Cork

211.  Erected by Ellen Gallahoe in memory of her father Michael Gallahoe of Ballyhonick who died October 6 1837, aged 46 years.

212.  Erected by Ellen Sullivan of Kilcalf in memory of her husband Patrick Sullivan who died August 1856 aged 60 years. Also her son Michael Sullivan who died April 1841, aged 19 years.

213.  Erected by Henery Simcox of Killeagh in memory of his brother James Simcox who departed this life September 29 1821, aged 37 years. Also his brother Michael Simcox who died May 1 1837, aged 32 years.

214.  Erected by Michael Kennedy of Ardmore in memory of his father Michael Kennedy of Ballycurnane who died January 6 1865, aged 88 years.

215.  Erected by Patrick Hennessy of Fanisk in loving memory of his father James who died January 30 1882, aged 75 years. And his sister Bridget died April 1859, aged 15 years. Mayne, Midleton

216.  In loving memory of Patrick Hennessy of Fanisk who died April 2 1919 Erected by his son Patrick.

217.  [Chest Tomb Fragmented] Here lieth the body of William Kenah of Garryoughtr who departed this life June 28 1772. Also here lieth the body of Mrs. Anne Merrick wife of William Merrick and daughter of William Kenah late of Garryoughtr Gent. who departed this life December 15 178?.

218.  [Chest Tomb] Here lieth the body of William Kenah of Castlemartyr who died March 8 1773, aged 98 years.

219.  [Chest Tomb] Here lieth the body of John Davis who departed this life September 1 1773, aged 49 years. In loving memory of Mary L. Davis died October 3 1905. Richard T. Davis 1856-1933.

220.  Erected by Denis Grahame of Killeagh in memory of his father John Grahame who died December 5 1871. Also his mother Catherine Grahame who died June 25 1891. And his brother Michael Grahame who died November 25 1875. J. Fitzgerald, Youghal

221.  Here lies the body of Daniel McCarthy who departed this life April 5 1783, aged 75 years. Also his wife Julian Guiry who died January 24 1783, aged 60 years. Also their son Callaghan McCarthy died July 7 1801, aged 48 years.

222.  Erected by Joh Regan of Breada in memory of his daughter Eliza Regan who died March 20 1857, aged 8 years.

223.  Here lies the body of James Walsh who departed this life February 2 1794, aged 60 years. Also his son Thomas Walsh who died December 1 1795, aged 36 years.

224.  Erected by James Murphy Of Ballykilty in memory of his daughter Anastatisia Murphy who departed this life March 20 1817, aged 32 years.

225.  Here lieth the body of Edmond Lawton of Keliegh who died March 14 1801, aged 78 years.

226.  Here lies the body of Richard Lawton who departed this life June 6 1790, aged 60 years.

227.  Erected by Charles McCarthy in memory of his father and brother Charles McCarthy who departed this life April 7 1821,aged 72 years. Also his son died November 2 1824, aged 14 years. M Joyce

228.  This Stone was erected by Bartholomew Hegerty in memory of his son Coloman Hegarty who departed this life November 12 1818, aged 23 years.

229.  In loving memory of our dear father James McDonnell died May 7 1927 aged 81 years.

230.  Erected by Thomas Gairy in memory of his daughter Mary Gairy who died August 21 1810, aged 16 years.

231.  Here lieth the body of Patrick Morres who died February 17 1804, aged 35 years.

232.  Erected by Catherine Loughlin In memory of her husband John Morris who died December 25 1802, aged 76 years.

233.  Erected by Ellen O'Brien alias Hutchens in memory of her dear and most lamented cousin Gracie Fitzgerald who departed this life July 12 1836, aged 35 years.

234.  Erected by James Green in memory of his mother Catherine Cotter who died June 1 1800, aged 60 years.

235.  Erected by James Riely of Ballyquirk in memory of his lamented daughter Abigail Riely who departed this life January 1 1840, aged 33 years.

236.  Erected in the memory of Margaret O'Neill alias Barry of Killeagh who died June 30 1902. Also her brother John and her mother Catherine O'Neill who died June 1860.

237.  Erected by James Foley in memory of his son Michael who died December 28 1821, aged 22 years. Also his daughter Ellen Brien alias Foley who died March 14 1809, aged 24 years.

238.  In loving memory of Laurence Coleman of Bridgefield died February 2 1905, aged 86 years. Also his wife Mary died may 2 1913, aged 90 years. Also his sisters Prudence Coleman died July 27 1907 and Margaret Curran died March 1 1909. Coffey, Midleton

239.  Erected by William Coleman of Bridgefield in memory of his beloved daughter Hanora Gleeson alias Coleman who departed this life March 25 1842, aged 30 years. William Coleman died 1883. Batt. Coleman died 1887. Margaret Coleman died 190?. Kate Coleman died 1873. M. Joyce

240.  Erected by Catherine Coleman alias Kenely in memory of her beloved husband William Coleman of Bridgefield who departed this life July 8 1843, aged 78 years. Jerry Coleman died 1880. Mrs. Jerry Coleman died 1887. John Coleman died 1953. Johanna Coleman died 18??.

241.  Erected by Richard Cunningham in memory of his father Richard Cunningham who died April 5 1841, aged 66 years.

242.  Erected by Garret Fitzgerald of Ballyglassin in memory of his beloved daughter Ellen who died February 1 1866, aged 21 years.

243.  Erected by James Brinnan of Ballykilty in memory of his two sons Patrick died August 8 1810, aged 3 years. Robert died February 22 1825, aged 9 years.

244.  Erected by Jeremiah Loughlin of Shanakile to mark the burial ground of himself and family also in memory of his son Edmond who died February 20 1823, aged 23 years.

245.  Thomas Loughlin erected this stone in memory of his wife Elen Gerey who died July 24 1794, aged 55 years.

246.  Erected by Joh Loughlin of Ballybraher to mark the burial ground of himself and father. Also in memory of his daughter Margret who died July 6 1822, aged 18 years.

247.  Erected by Thomas Guiry of Beanfield in memory of his wife Margaret Fitzgerald who departed this life March 25 1823, aged 66 years. M. Joyce

248.  Erected by Thomas Lee in memory of his daughter Joanna Joyce who died February 9 1804, aged 35 years.

249.  Erected by Daniel Carey in memory of his beloved father Michael Carey who died December 5 1877, aged 60 years. Also his aunt Mary McAuliffe who died October 3 1889, aged 82 years.

250.  Erected by Michael Carey in memory of his father John Carey of Fanisk who died June 24 1837, aged 70 years.

251.  Erected by Johanah Brien of Ballycotton in memory of her beloved husband John Brien who died February 1 1865, aged 46 years. Also Jis son James who died June 30 1863, aged 20 years.

252.  [Chest Tomb] Here lies the body of Patrick Joyce who deceased October 14 1778, aged 66 years.

253.  [Chest Tomb] Scared to the memory of Thomas Benger late of Gkenane, Gent. who departed this life July 20 1773, aged 63 years

254.  Erected by James Mountain in memory of his wife Judith Welsh who died November 1793, aged 41 years.

255.  Erected by John Bride in memory of his wife Hanora Smiddy who died March 1 1810, aged 50 years.

256.  Erected by William Barry of Ballyhubert in memory of his beloved wife Ellen Barry who died 1880, aged 50 years.

257.  Erected in memory of Richard Shea who departed this life June 13 1804, aged 54 years.

258.  Erected by Redmond Morris of Killeagh in memory of his beloved wife Elizabeth Morris Alias Lawton who departed this life November 4 1847, aged 60 years. Also his son William Morris died January 11 1833, aged 21 years.

259.  This was erected by William Morris in memory of John Grady who died December 4 1801, aged 90 years. Also his son Michael Grady who died December 10 1826, aged 60 years. Abby Gready died January 1 1821, aged 72 years.

260.  Erected by Hanoria Collins of Youghal in memory of her beloved husband Edward Collins who died August 12 1864, aged 40 years. Also Michael Collins died September 11 1871, aged 26 years.

261.  Erected by Maurice Collins of Gortnagappul in memory of his son James Collins who departed this life May 9 1843, aged 20 years.

262.  Edmond Power died April 29 1903. William Egan died August 12 1929.

263.  In Affectionate remembrance of my father & mother Patrick O'Keeffe died 1870, aged 60 years. Ellen K O'Keeffe died 1892, aged 75 years. Erected by Peter O'Keeffe. Coffey, Midleton

264.  Erected by Mary Hayes alias Colbert in memory of her loving husband James Hayes of Killeagh who departed this life April 29 1827, aged 42 years.

265.  This stone was erected by Mary Hayes in memory of a fond husband John Hayes who died April 14 1787, aged 44 years.

266.  Erected by Hannorah Davis of Youghal in memory of her lamented husband William Davis who departed this life October 16 1842, aged 32 years.

267.  Erected by Patrick Cooke in memory of his beloved mother Martha Cooke Butler who departed this life August 17 1854, aged 75 years.

268.  In loving memory of Lizzy Aherny, Simon Ahern Sr. Simon Ahern Jr. & Nora Ahern.

269.  Sacred to the memory of Patrick Heffernan of Killeagh who died September 28 1867, aged 47 years. Also his wife Mary Heffernan who died April 18 1868, aged 38 years.

270.  Erected by John Coleman in memory of his eldest son Maurice Coleman who died August 30 1810, aged 23 years. Also his mother Ellen Coleman alias Cahill who died June 29 1796, aged 57 years.

271.  Erected by John Coleman Jr. in memory of his lamented wife Mary Coleman alias Mehaegan who departed this life October 4 1831, aged 35 years. Also his son Maurice Coleman who died June 3 1824, aged 5 years.

272.  Erected by Thomas Cashman in loving memory of his father Thomas Cashman of Castlerichard who died January 12 1907, aged 65 years. Fitzgerald, Youghal

273.  Erected by John Aher of Ballycarnane, Killeagh in memory of his brother James Aher who died August 15 1915. Also his mother Ellen Aher died September 27 1934. D. McCarthy, White St. Cork

274.  Erected by John Hillgrove in memory of his wife Margret Hillgrove alias McCarthy who departed this life October 23 1822, aged 71 years. Also his two sons Abraham & William.

275.  Erected by Catherine Hickey Alias Loghlin in memory of her beloved husband John Hickey of Ballyhonick who departed this life March 24 1838, aged 75 years.

276.  Erected by Elizabeth Sweeny Alias Horagan of Dromada in memory of her beloved husband Richard Sweeny who died March 11 1870, aged 54 years.

277.  Erected by Patrick Sweeny in memory of his wife Ellen Garde who died ??????.

278.  Here lies the body of Patrick Swiny who deceased April 6 1782, aged 52 years.

279.  Erected by Joana Regan in memory of her husband John Regan who died April 8 1801, aged 47 years.

280.  Erected by James O'Connell of Ladybridge in memory of his wife Mary. Also his father, mother & brothers.

281.  Erected by Maurice Coleman of Youghal in memory of his beloved wife Johanah Coleman alias Connell who departed this life October 21 1831, aged 72 years. Also his four children and two brothers William & John.

282.  Erected by Nora McCarthy in memory of her father Owen McCarthy died November 22 1998. Her mother Nora McCarthy died April 1991.

This ends my list of Gravestone Inscriptions for Killeagh Burial Ground.

 

Garde families from Ireland

 

“The following histories are a composite of data received from various sources in Ireland.  At times the names and dates from one source were in conflict with information received from another source.  So it is not certain just how perfect or imperfect these histories are.  It is hoped that anyone reading this book and finding errors will contact me and offer corrections.  I intend to print a supplement later and will be happy to add to or revise any material found here in.

 

For clarity, in the following, we shall label the Benjamins I, II and III.” 

 

The Gardes of Ballybranagan and Ballyshane.

 

Back in the 1700s, a father divided all his Garde land among his three sons, Benjamin, Edward and another son – Christian name not known.  Of these three, we know nothing of Edward or the third son.  But the son, Benjamin I, married Fanny ______________, and his share of the farm included the old family home.  This Ben I had three sons that we have knowledge of.  These three are Benjamin II, William, and Christopher Garde. (Order of birth not known).  Also there may have been other sons and daughters.

 

Benjamin I, descended from Captain de la Garde, a Huguenot, who landed at Corkbeg, was still Protestant, but after his marriage, he and his wife, Fanny, along with the rest of his family, became Catholic.  The two brothers, Ben II and William remained Catholic and most of their descendants are still Catholic; the other one, Christopher, returned to his Protestant Faith, and most of his descendants are still Protestant.

 

The chart on the next page shows the families of these three brothers.  Following pages give more details. It is hoped that, by presenting these histories and continuing our research, we may find the ancestor from whom our Benjamin descended.  Any information of the Gardes of Ireland, not contained in this book or incorrectly stated, will most surely be welcomed and appreciated.  So anyone having further data on the Gardes, please contact us.

 

The fact that so many Gardes lived in the same small area of Ballybranagan, plus the fact that the families all kept repeating the same Christian names for their children, makes it very difficult to sort out the various family lines.

Census records for the 1800’s would be a great help but all census returns for 1813, ’21, ’31, ’41 and ’51 were destroyed when the Four Courts building was burned in 1922.

 

Family of Ben Garde and Catherine Cashman of Ballyshane.

I   William Garde – in merchant service, afterwards married in Liverpool and went to Boston.  No family

II  Ellen Garde born 18  died1920.  Married William Coughlan of Saleen who served in the British Navy.  Born 18 

     Died 1917.  they had eight children: 

1  William Lt Commander, R.N. born Jan 1867-1945.  Married Sept 26th 1895, Youghal, to Ellen

    Hannah Kavanagh born Jan 29, 1873.  No family

2  Eileen Mary 1898 – 19  married Stanislaus Ernest Fitzgibbon

3  Kathleen Mary – Sister Martha, ST Vincent de Paul, 1899-1970

4  Wilfred Columb, B.A. B.Sc., --Br Gerard, Irish Cr. Bros. 1900-19

              5  Gerald Noel 1903-19    Married Francis van Schauk.

6  Rupert John  born Youghal May 27th 1907.  Married Rose Ann O’Donnell.  Rupert died      

7.        Benjamin Coughlan 1868 – 1947.  Married Mary K O’Mahoney, Kinsale. They had a daughter, Sister Mary

       Christopher, born in Boston, Mass.  Entered Sisters of Mercy, Wilkes-Barre, in Sept 1928.  Superior and

       teaching Principal at St Therese School, Wilkes-Barre, PA.  Not known whether they had other children.

              8.  John Coughlan joined Boston police, rose to rank of Captain, married Margaret Nagle, Co. Cork.  Had a

              large family.  They were all born in Ladysbridge, Co.Cork.

   

III   Maria went to Boston, married Pat Cashman of Ballyshane.  Their descendants are still in Boston. 

 

IV  Patrick joined the Coast Guard, stationed in Youghal.  Married a Ballynoe girl (Miss Aherne). Died Ballynoe 1929      

       – no family.

V   Tom, a bachelor, worked the farm at Ballybrannagan – died there

 

VI Fanny married Richard (Tom) Scanlon of Tulaheen.  Family:

  1. Tom, married, lived Saleen
  2. Dick, Lt Commander R.N. and later Tanker Captain.  Married Bridie Bourke, Middleton, lived at the Rest, Monkstown, Cobh – no family.
  3. John Scanlon, Chief Petty Office, Navy.  Single
  4. Mike Scanlon, married, lived Kilbree
  5. Maggie Scanlon, single, lived at Ballybrannagan with John
  6. Cissie Scanlon married Riordan, farmer, north of Middleton

  Above order of children may not be correct

 

VII  Kate married John Kennefick, Mogeely, who died Jan 1935.  They Had

                1 Molly married a farmer named Riordan.  He died  or left family

                2 Jim   3  Ben   4  Fanny – all unmarried on home farm

VIII  Jane married William Curtin of Kilbeg.  He died.  She went too live with brother Ben at Ballybranagan where she 

        died.

IX    Ben Garde got two farms in Ballybranagan, sold them after W.W.1.  Went to live with niece Maggie Scanlon, at the

         Wood, Cloyne.  Ben never married  The land sold by Ben was purchased by Kennedy in 1920

X      Mat Garde, single, had a farm

 

1-- Benjamin Garde-64 m. 1817 Anna Garde-65  (supplied by Jason Garde in the USA)
2-- Catherine Garde (1821-1918)
2-- Benjamin Garde-32 (1823-1885) sp-Johanna Hagerty-33 (1830-1873) (Came to the US around 1857)
               3-- William Garde (1855-1918)
               3-- John James Garde (1857-1919) sp-Johanna Elizabeth Hartnett (1872-1949)

        3-- Benjamin Garde (1857-1936) sp-Bridget Walsh (1868-1930)
        3-- Mary Anna Garde (1859-1904) sp-Thomas Sheehy (1853)
       3-- Mary Johanna Garde (1863-1920) sp-Theodore Schreier (1857-1908)
       3-- Christopher Joseph Garde (1865-1953) sp-Mary Johanna Hambleton (1868-1956)
     3-- Catherine Agnes Garde (1867-1947) sp-Henry Scherff (1848-1913)
      3-- Edward Matthew Garde-16 (1870-1945) sp-Anna Catharina Schwalb-17(1872-1955)
                                                                                 sp-Katharine Walsh

2-- Jane Garde (1824)
2-- Mary Garde (1826-1913)
2-- Edward Garde (1831) My Book makes Reference to Edward, seeking information from anyone who

  might have more info. (Bottom of Page 143 in book)

2-- John Garde (1834-1904)
2-- Christopher Garde (1837)
2-- Anna Garde (1842-1913)

.

Ballybrannagan looking towards Ballyshane

The original fence but new gate

Family home site in background

 

 

Family of William Garde and Catherine Wall – Co. Cork, Ireland.

 

William Garde (I) was born at Ballybranagan about 1793, died on Easter Sunday 1890.  He was married to Catherine Wall of Ballynukerra Cross.  (She had a brother, John Wall.).  William and Catherine had four sons and four daughters (perhaps more), and the order of their birth is not known exactly.  So we cannot name them in order.  The eight children are:

1. William Garde (II), thought to be the eldest, was married to Mary Barry of Ballyshane.  They had no sons, but two or three daughters.  Two of the daughters were:

Minnie Garde who married Vaughan and had nine children.  They lived somewhere in the U.S.A.

Margaret married O’Mahoney – they had two boys and lived in Elizabeth, New Jersey.

 

William’s brother, John went to the United States when he was about 16 years old.  The two other brothers, Patrick and Michael, went to Brisbane, Australia.  William (II) was to get the home place at Ballybranagan.  However, he had no son, and in addition William I disliked his daughter-in-law.  The result was that young William and his family left Ballybranagan, and John was sent for to return and take over in his bother’s place.  John had been in the U.S. several years by then. William spent some time in Cobh after leaving Ballybranagan and eventually he and his family went to the United States.

II.   Patrick Garde and

III.  Michael Garde, as stated above went to Brisbane, Australia, while quite young and no one seems to know anything of them.

IV Honora Garde married George Jessup, an Englishman from Dublin.  They went to live at Black Sod Bay, Co.Mayo.  He was in Coast Guard, a widower with a son, George, when he married Honara.  They had five children:

1. William Jessup

2.Elizabeth Catherine, unmarried died of T.B.

3 Mary Ann Bridget married a British Navy man named Moones.  They had one child, Dolly, who was reared    at Norwood Convent School, Cobh.

4 Martha Lena Jessup

5 Honora Jessup – neither Martha nor Honora married.  They spent some time in Miss Mepeau’s, Upper Park, Cobh.  May have gone later to England.  Honora and George were married Feb 1, 1870 at Catholic Church – Aghada.  Witnesses were John Garde and Margaret Cotter.

 

V Mary Ann Garde lived with her sister, Mrs. Guest, at the East Ferry, after her brother married in Ballybranagan.  She did not marry. She was tall, haunt, short sighted – she always wore a bonnet and cape.  She died tragically at Aghada Railway station in Lower Aghada.  She had come to Aghada to meet Mrs Jessup and had fallen from the pier.

 

VI Ellen Garde, christened in Aghada Catholic Church on March 3 1835 sponsors were John Wall and Mary Hyde.  She married a Mr Guest, a Coast Guard.  He was an Englishman.  They lived at East Ferry and are buried in a graveyard near Saleen.  All their children died young.

 

VII Margaret Garde was christened on October 16, 1840 in Aghada Catholic Church.  Sensors were Edward and Ellen Garde. She died unmarried.

 

The eighth child of William and Catherine, John J Garde, will be presented on the following page.     The material below, as well as most of the interesting history presented on this and the preceding page was sent by Nora (Hennessey) Lynch, granddaughter of John J Garde.  Her mother was Catherine Garde, oldest child of John and Nora McCarthy Garde.

 

“My grandfather, John J Garde was fairly tall, whereas his father was very tall indeed.  John had vivid red hair.  The red hair missed every one of lis ten children, but reappeared in Hawley Garde (Castlemartyr) and in three of Patrick’s children – Sean, Finbarr and Nora.  It seems that John was very strict with his children.  Their place was their own home, he said, and when they walked to school and back they had to stay together.  The girls had to work hard (the five daughters were born, then the five sons).  I know that my mother had to assume responsibility for all the younger ones and it left her with an ingrained tendency to worry over everybody.  She must have been a tower of strength to Grandma, but when I of it, I feel great pity for her Aunt Hannie (Johanna) says her father was involved with the Finians (the rising took place in 1867) and took part in the attack on Cloyne Barracks – the Barracks were blown up.  She also says that John and his father, William, bought a pump from McKechnie’s of Cork and John installed it.  This caused arguments over the water supply with John’s Uncle Ben who lived next door in the old home place.

 

VIII.  John J Garde was born in 1844 at Ballybranagan, Cloyne, Co Cork, the son of William Garde and Catherine Wall.  Married 1883 to Honora McCarthy (born 1856) of Ballincourlea, Ladysbridge, Co.Cork, daughter of Maurice McCarthy and Ellen Flynn of Oxmash, Co. Cork.  John J Garde died November 23 1916,  Nora died May 11, 1941.

There were ten children – five girls and five boys.

 

                Catherine Garde 1884-1968                                 William Garde  1892-1960

                Johanna Garde   1886-1973                                 Maurice Garde  1894-1924

                Ellen Garde        1887-1972                                   John Garde        1896-1948

                Honora Garde    1888-1965                                  Michael Garde   1897

                Mary Josephine 1890-1973                                 Patrick Garde     1898-1968

 

1  Catherine Garde born Oct 11 1884 at Ballybranagan, married June 1 1912 to James Hennessey (1876-1944) of

    Co.Clare.  Catherine died Aug 31 1968.  Both buried Old Church, Cobh, Co.Cork.

                Their children:

                (1) John James Hennessy born 1913 unmarried

                (2) Nora Francis Hennessy born 1914 married 1949 to Daniel Lynch, of Cobh.     

              (3) Chris Hennessy born 1918 unmarried

               (4) Bartholomew Maurice Hennessy born 1926 married 1956 to Josephine Egan of  Cobh.  

2   Johanna Garde born Jan 1886 at Ballybranagan, married 1918 to Thomas Carr (1890-1927) of Cobh – buried Cobh.   

     Married secondly to Sean White – died 1959.

     Children Margaret Carr 1919-1921

               Nora (Noreen) Carr born 1921 married 1942 to Michael Dobbyn, Tipperary.

3   Ellen Garde born June 21, 1887 at Ballybranagan, Co Cork, married 1921 to William Foley (1885-1943) Whitegate. 

     Ellen died July 17, 1972 – buried Rostellan,  Children:

4  Honora Garde born Jan 1888 at Ballybranagan, Co.Cork, married 1914 to Denis O’Brien (1885-1950) Limerick.   

      Nora died Sept 1, 1965 – both buried Youghal.

5  Mary Josephine Garde born June 1, 1890 at Ballybranagan married Mar 5 1918 to John  Scannell (     -1947) of

      Aghada.  Mary  died June 2, 1973.  Both buried Cobh.

     Children:

                 (1)  Mary Scannell born 1920      unmarried

                 (2)  John Scannell born 1922 married Rita Brahaus, Cloyne.  They have Mary, Marguerite, Gillian and John.

6   William Garde born Jan 1, 1892 at Ballybranagan, Co. Cork, married Feb 15, 1944 at St Patrick’s Church, Cork to

Eileen O’Donovan born June 5, 1914 (of Nohaval, Kinsale) daughter of Timothy O’Donovan (1880-1949) and  Mary Sheehan (189-1969).  William died April 19, 1959, buried at Aghada.  Their children:

(1)  John Garde born March 31, 1945 married June 1 1971 to Irene Reaney of Whitegate.   

                            Child – Shirley

               (2)  Honora (Rena) Garde born Aug 9, 1946

(1)               William died aged one week November 1948

 

Pictured right

 

The old family home at Ballybrannagan

(over 300 years old) passed through Williams’s family.

 

7    Maurice Garde 1894-1924  unmarried buried Aghada

8    John Garde 1896-1948       unmarried buried Aghada

 

 

Left:

Michael Garde and Ellen Whyte

9   Michael Garde born Aug 16, 1897 at Ballybranagan, Cloyne, Co Cork, baptised at Aghada Catholic Church married  

Sept 21, 1929 at Mogeely Catholic Church to Ellen Whyte born April 1897 at Castlemartyr. Michael was 6’3” and an outstanding man in his community.  Michael was a retired  Insurance Official and shopkeeper in February 1974 he was living in Castlemartyr.  Their Children

(2)               John Garde born Nov 1, 1934 in Castlemartyr, co Cork, married Nancy Byrne. 

(3)               Esther Garde born Apr 2, 1936 in Castlemartyr, Co. Cork married Thomas Daly.  Their children 

(4)               Maurice Garde born April 18, 1942 in Castlemartyr, Co Cork, married Catherine Corr. 

(5)               Michael (Hawley) Garde born March 17, 1944 in Castlemartyr Co Cork.  Married Maura MacCarthy.   

 

Children of Maurice Garde -  Chris, Catriona, Grade, Olive and Joe   and right:  Joe Garde

 

Patrick Garde born Sept 18, 1898 at Ballybranagan, Cloyne Co.Cork, baptised St Jermanus Church, Aghada, married at St Finnbarr’s Church, Cork City, on March 4 1943 to Mary O’Donovan born May 10, 1918 Rennies House, Nohoval, Kinsale.  Daughter of Timothy O’Donovan and Mary Sheehan.  Patrick died Sept 1, 1968 at Ballyshane and is buried at Aghada. 

 

Christopher Garde (Brother of Ben and William)

 

Christopher had three sons and a daughter

I.  JOHN, farmer married Feb 1914 to Mary Elizabeth Smyth (West Cork) who was born Aug 29 1880 daughter of

    James Smyth and Anne Deane.  John died Feb 1922.  Mary died July 1, 1929.  Both buried Aghada Churchyard.

     1.    Anne  born Sept 18, 1915 at Inch Cork

     2.   Christopher James  born Oct 5, 1917 at Inch married April 30, 1952 at Aghada Presbyterian Church to 

           Hazel C I Hume born June 19, 1927 daughter of Henry Hume and Jessie Tait

    3     Mary Elizabeth born March 14, 1919

II   Thomas

III  Joseph (died in Kinsale)

IV  Daughter

 

 

Notes from Michael Garde (1897     ) Castlemartyr, Co. Cork)

“Black bearded Tom and Black Ben, brothers, both single lived next door to Grandfather William on the home place in Ballybranagan.  They followed the hounds on a horse by the name of Buck. Tom used to say that Buck was able to “lep” and should be left “lep”.  They had a hunting mare and bred foals for export to England at 100 pounds a piece at that time. 

 

There were so many Garde families around, that each was given a distinctive name, such as Black Ben, Black-bearded Tom, and Big John etc.  Michael’s father was known as Foxy Johnny.

 

All the Gardes long ago were born in the old thatched house, and the house and farm were passed down from father to eldest son; the other sons, if any were given money for their inheritance.  There came a time when a father with two sons had no money to give his second son, so he divided his farm and gave each a part. So anther house was built on the home place.  Michael’s grandfather, William, lived in the big thatched house, and Black Ben and Tom lived in the other house, but the dividing of the farm had taken place in another generation or so back in time.”

 

 

Interesting Notes on the Gardes of Ireland

From Ben Cougland (1868-1947) grandson of Ben Garde and Catherine Cashman.

 

“I was taken to Ballybranagan before school age and afterwards spent a few summer vacations there.  I have a vivid recollection of my great grandmother and the old spinning wheel.  She was very small, thin and toothless.  I never heard her speak to any of the household, and she was known when spoken to, as “Grandmother”  - I think she was my grandmother’s mother.  I can’t trace the family farther back than Grandfather Ben Garde, a tall, raw boned man, and a veritable slave driver and a terror of the family when he got started – up at dawn and down to the pasture for the cows, and God help the girls, as he called them if they were not on the job when he got back; and then, when he had both boys and girls going full steam ahead, he would tie a large red turkey twill handkerchief round his head in the form of a nightcap, go to his room, and rest in peace until dinner time.  Grandmother was short and stout.  Her maiden name was Catherine Cashman,  Great-grandmother died at the venerable age of 116 years.  Grandmother was 106 when she passed along.  Grandfather died at the age of 96, after giving strict orders they bury him no less than six feet deep. (May they rest in Peace).

There were two Catholic Garde families in Ballybranagan, locally known as the “Ben Gardes and the “Eddie Gardes”.  Both homes stood in 100 yards from the main road, with only the haggard separating them.  I often heard my aunts speak of seeing Uncle Eddie.  For some reason they did not appear to be on speaking terms.  They never, to my knowledge, visited each other.  I think Eddie was Ben’s brother, and that their father divided the land between them, giving the lower part to Ben and the upper part to Eddie.

 

Now we come to the Protestant Gardes, further up the road.  John Garde had a farm. He was known locally as “Big John”.  He was more of a sport than a farmer, so lost out, sold his farm to Grandfather Ben, immigrated to Australia with his family, returned alone and resided with Henry Smith, Ballyshane until his death. 

 

There was another Garde family lived at the opposite side of the road, near the Strand.  I never met any of them.  I think they considered themselves “Gentry”, kept foxhounds, hunted reynard by moonlight – much to the annoyance of the countryside – and were known as the “cracked “ Gardes of Ballybranigan.

 

 

 

 

                                                               

IMMIGRATION PAPERS

Edward Garde

UNMARRIED MALE IMMIGRANT

Arrived by the ship                              Comet

Brought out by                                     G Giff

A native of                                            Ballybrannaghan  Co.Cork

Parents Names                                      Edward and Margaret  Both Alive

Calling                                                  Farm Labourer

Age                                                         22            in application 23

Person certifying Registry of}           Michael Scannell

Baptism                  }

 

Character, and person certifying}    John Garde          }  Ballybranaghan and

the same                                                          }    James Smyth        }   Ballyshane

State of bodily health, strength, }      Very Good

Engaged by Mr Newsham Soap Boiler 2 pound 6 shillings per annum - farming workand probable usefulness             }

 

Religion                RC

 

Certificate Returned December 14, 1841Read/Write            Both

 

Any complaints    No

 

Remarks

 

Sydney,

 

 

The following information is from the Catholic Parish Registers of Aghada, Diocese of Cloyne.  It has come to me from several sources.  They were found by Mary Grace Watt during her visit to Ireland.

 

Note: Today’s Parish of Agheda would have contained Ballybranigan

 

Edward Garde (before 1790)  m Margaret Shannahan  

  1. John October 29 1815

Sps: John Cunningham and Catherine Walsh (Cate)

  1. Edward  26 th Jan 1818  born Queenstown

Sps: Thomas Moressy and Joanna Shannahan

  1. Ellen  13th May 1820

Sps: Wm Garde and Fanny and Mary Shannahan

  1. Anne  Jan 9 1822

Sps: Jerry Cunningham and Mary Garde

  1. Benjamin Dec 23 1822

Sps: Benjamin Garde and Catherine Higgins

  1. Timothy January 29 1825

Sps: Denis Cunningham and Ellen Shannahan

  1. Micl Garde 4th May 1827

Sps: James Hoare and Cathe Higgins

  1. Patrick Garde         Aug 23 1829

Sps Patrick Shannahan and Ann Garde

 

On Edwards immigration paper his mother is listed as Margaret and on his death certificate as Margaret Shannahan so this could be his family.  Sponsors of family members for their baptism are Joanna Shannahan, Mary Shannahan and Ellen Shannahan and Patrick Shannahan.   These could be Margaret’s sisters and brother.  Other sponsors are John Cunningham, Jerry Cunningham and Denis Cunningham. 

 

I also have found a Baptismal Records of Catholic Parish of Aghada.

1840 Oct 16 Margaret of William Garde and Catherine Wall.    Sps: Edward Garde and Ellen Garde

 

The above Edward would have been 22 and Ellen 20 and this would have been just before Edward sailed to Australia.  While William and Catherine Wall had a daughter Ellen she would have been only 5 years old at the time. And Margaret could have been called after Edward and Ellen’s mother.  If this speculation is correct, Edward and Ellen (the sponsors) and William would be first cousins

 

On Edward’s immigrations papers it was stated that the persons certifying his good character were John Garde and James Smyth.  The person certifying his baptism was Michael Scannell. His occupation/calling was listed as a farm worker. 

 

From the family tree John Garde is the son of Christopher Garde and he married Mary Smyth. James Smyth is Mary’s father. Going from the known ages of the family members, they would be the same age as Edward who came to Australia..  They are all from Ballybranaghan.  Joe Garde from Dublin (also a proven descendant of  this family through William’s 8th son John ) said that his father still lives in Cork and he has a very good friend whose name is Michael Scannell (same name as the person certifying  Edward’s baptism) so both families have probably been friends all these years. The Gardes and the Scannell’s are also connected when Mary Josephine Garde born June 1, 1890 at Ballybranagan married Mar 5 1918 to John Scannell.  Mary is the Grand daughter of William Garde and if this line is correct, William is the first cousin of Edward.

 

                        The journey of Edward Garde and his descendants

                        Yellow = Qld,  Bluey green = NSW

Hobart
 

Clarence River
 

Gold Coast
 

Tweed River
 

Richmond River
 

Brisbane
 

Townsville
 
                                               

 

 


Sydney - that is where the 1st Fleeter landed in 1788.  Edward first moved to the Hunter and then the Clarence River area.

 

By the 1830s the Government opened up the land on the Hunter River and introduced the Bounty Schemes where the Irish came out and got grants of land to be Farmers.  They needed food for the populace. Today it takes about 2 to 2 ½ hours (on a freeway) to drive from Sydney to the main towns up that way – Newcastle and Maitland to name but a couple.  This is the area that the Dohertys and  Edward Garde came to in 1841.

 

The Clarence River was the next area to settle (that is in New South Wales).  It is about 5 hours drive from the Hunter.  Edward and his family moved there in the 1870s and he was one of the Pioneer farmers of the district.  Some of their relations, the Doherty’s moved there at the same time as well as my other relatives from the Convict English /Scottish side.  Within the next few years some of the children, as they got married made their way to the Richmond River and took up selections as they were called.

 

Besides farming there were vast amounts of timber to be felled to make homes.

 

The main towns on the Clarence are Grafton and Maclean.  Our grandparents Kathleen Garde and John Alexander Philp were married at Maclean in 1905.  He was a fisherman and in 1917 he moved the family to the Tweed River area.  Tweed Heads, Murwillumbah and Kingscliff are in this area.  This is in the top corner of New South Wales.  Tweed Heads is a border town and Coolangatta is the twin town in Qld.  It is just over 3 hours drive from the Border to Grafton.

 

THE STORY OF EDWARD GARDE – the Gardes in Australia

 

Edward Garde was born in Queenstown, parish of Ballybranaghan, County Cork in Ireland in 1818.  His father’s name was Edward and his mother Margaret.  The correct postal address for Ballybranaghan is Cloyne County Cork.  Ballycotton is six miles away. Although Ballybranaghan is in the parish of Aghada the both places cross over.  Ballycotton is a small fishing village, (even today) surrounded by farming country.  The RNLI has a lifeboat stationed in the harbour.  Yearly there is held a road race that is second in the popularity to the London marathon.  Ballyshane is the next farm to Ballybranaghan.

 

Edward arrived in Australia as a Bounty Passenger on 3 Dec 1841 when he was 22 or 23 and he was single. His calling was a farm labourer.  He was living in Ballybranaghan at that time.  He was engaged by Mr Newsham, soap boiler for farm work for two pounds six shillings per annum.

 

The ship arrived in Sydney 3rd December 1841.  It had departed from Cork and it had been to Liverpool to pick up passengers before that.  It took 119 days to arrive in Sydney and it had no stoppages. The ship was spoken highly of by the passengers. There were 84 passengers who landed in the colony.  2 children died on the voyage and 4 were born.

 

THE FAMILY OF EDWARD GARD AND ANN DOHERTY

 

 

Rev Fr John Kenny solemnized the marriage of Ann Doherty and Edward Gard at St Joseph’s East Maitland on

11th February 1850/384/96. Anne was born about 1833 in County Donegal, Ireland and came out as a child with her parents and brothers and sisters and they settled in the Hunter River area.  Ann and Edward both gave their abode as Williams River.  Witnesses were Daniel Logue and Catherine Connolly both of Rosebank. Daniel married Ann Edwards profession was a farmer, labourer . Their last child was born in 1870 in Raymond Terrace and the first child was married on the Clarence in 1873. Edward was a Farmer at South Arm – Lister 1872.

 

Notes taken from "Essays on Seaham" by Cynthia Hunter & Kevin McDonald, Max Maddock, Martin Mcleod, Dick Holroyde, published 2002.  Spelling is as in the book. 

Page 68 Names on the 1859-1860 Electoral Roll           Edward Gard (rented)

Page 71- 1867 Post Office Directory for Seaham           Gard, Edward - Farmer – Eskdale

Page 72/73 - Names on the 1869-1870 Electoral Roll    Eskdale- Edward Gard (renting or leasing)

 

In the Maclean historical records, Edward is listed as one of the Pioneering farmers at Roberts Creek, Woodford Island.  When he died he was living on an old age pension which he started to receive in 1901 in Grafton. He lived in Australia for 69 years and was at the Clarence for 40 years before his death.  The Garde family resided at Harwood, Ashby, Maclean and Grafton.

 

NEWPAPER ARTICLES Clarence River Examiner

Old Age Pensions   Ann Gard Harwood  19.10

 

Death CRE 27.7.1907.  Mrs Gard, who died on Sunday was an old resident of the Clarence arriving here from the Hunter District about 35 years ago.  She resided at Harwood for a number of years and subsequently at Ashby prior to removing to Grafton.  She leaves an aged widower, nine sons and three daughters, the latter residing on the Richmond.  Seven of the sons reside in this district.  The funeral took place at Maclean on Monday.  Ven Archdeacon Walsh officiating.

 

Obituary.  The late Mrs Ann Gard (wife of Mr Edward Gard) of Grafton, whose death we briefly reported in last issue, was

76 years of age and a native of Ireland, but came to this state when an infant, her parents settling on the Hunter River.  From there she moved with her husband and family to the Clarence about 35 years ago.  They resided at Harwood on the bank opposite for several years, afterwards at Maclean and latterly at Grafton.  The deceased lady leaves a widower (aged 87) and nine sons and three daughters.  The sons are Messrs Phillip, Patrick, William, Daniel, Edward, John and Michael Gard all of this district, Bernard who is in Tasmania and Thomas in Queensland.  The daughters are Mesdames Ross, J Malone and D Maloney, all of the Richmond River.  The remains were conveyed to Maclean on Monday for interment.  Ven Archdeacon Walsh officiated at the grave.

 

Obituary  7-7-1908.  GARD - There passed away at the residence of his son Daniel, at Boggy Creek, on Thursday last another of the pioneers of the Clarence in Mr Edward Gard, aged 88.  Born in County Cork, Ireland, Mr Gard arrived in the colony upwards of 60 years ago and for the last 4 years he has resided on the Clarence River where he was well known and respected as a quite and peaceable citizen.  He leaves 9 sons and 3 daughters and a large number of grand and great grand children.  The remains were interred in the R C cemetery at Maclean on Friday, the funeral being a very large one, visitors and relatives being present from the Richmond River and Grafton.  The burial service was conducted by Archpriest Walsh and Father Darcy.  Mr M Gard of Grafton is a son of the deceased.




 
 
 
On the following pages are the stories of Edward’s and Ann’s children.

Edward (1819)  married Ann Dogherty (1830 Ireland)  V1850384 96 in 1850 married in Williams River (Hunter)

Children

MARY:                  was born 21 November 1850 and died 1940 in Maclean.  She married John Joseph Malone

EDWARD:            was born 27th February 1852 and died  1939 in Maclean  He married Bessie Manning

PHILIP:                  was born 23 April 1853 and died 1940 in Sydney.  He married Helen Hayes

WILLIAM:            was born 23rd July 1854  and died 1933 in Grafton. He married Susan Pender

PATRICK:             was born 7th January 1856 and died 1934 in Grafton

DANIEL:                was born 7th September 1857 and died 1942 in Sydney.  He married Margaret Walter

JOHN:                    was born 11th July 1859 in Raymond Terrace and died 1928 in Sydney.

MARGARET:       was born 16th June 1861 in Morpeth.  She married William Jones and then Frederick Ross

BERNARD:           was born 27th August 1863. He married Catherine Ryan

ANN: was born 18th July 1865 and died IN 1912 in Lismore.  He married Dennis Mahoney

THOMAS (1):       was born 28th April 1868 and died 2nd May 1868

THOMAS (2) :      was born 1st June 1870 and died in Qld.  He married Hannah Conroy. 

MICHAEL JOSEPH GARD: was born  1871 and died 1938.  He married Maud Graham

 

 

 

 

 

THE FAMILY OF MARY GARDE AND JOHN JOSEPH MALONE

I . MARY AGNES GARDE  was born on 21 Nov 1850 Ref 599/68 .  She was baptised on 5th January 1851 in St Joseph’s Catholic Church East Maitland.  Her sponsors were Bernard Dogherty and Catherine Logue. On her baptism certificate her father Edward’s occupation is listed as a Settler of William’s River.

 

Mary married John Joseph Malone 26th August 1873 Ref 2618  at Rocky Mouth, Clarence River.  Witnesses were Patrick Malone and Mary Ann Dougherty.  John was listed as a Farmer and Mary as a housemaid, both of Harwood Island.

 

John Joseph Malone was born in 1845 in Wexford Ireland.  His parents were Phillip and Mary (nee Carroll). Mary and Phillip were married in 1834 in St Mary and Michael Roman Catholic Church, New Ross, Wexford. Mary Carroll was born 1811 Kilkenny.  Children Eliza born 1836, Margaret born 1838, Thomas born 1840 married Elizabeth O’Neill, Johanna born 1844, John Joseph born 1847 died Woodburn 1920 and Patrick born 1850.

 

Phillip, Mary and their six children migrated to Australia arriving 10th October 1856, on board the “Vocalist”. They eventually moved to Swan Bay on the Richmond River where he was a farmer until his death.  Phillip died at Swan Bay, 31st August 1882.  Mary died 23rd November 1891 at Woodburn.  They are buried at the Woodburn Cemetery.

 

The children of Mary and John Malone were: Mary, Margaret, Therese, Elizabeth, and Phillip. She died on 20 Dec 1940 in Maclean.  John died October 1920.

1.  Mary Ann Malone born 1874 and died in 1943. She married Michael O’Connor in 1900 in Casino. Their children:

1.        Thelma J O’Connor (1901 - )

2.        Dorothea O’Connor  (1903 - ) m Patrick Reginald Heffernan in 1937 in Casino

3.        Theodore Michael O'Connor (1904 - ) married Esma Marjorie Kelly in 1937 in Lismore

4.        Margaret Winifred died in 1940 in Lismore

5.        Phillip E O'Connor (1905 - )

6.        Clara E O'Connor (1907 - )

7.        Eileen M O'Connor (1911 - ) m John Flatley in 1935 in Casino

8.        James Joseph O'Connor (1914 - ) m Christina Kathleen Walsh in 1937 in Casino

9.        Sylvester O'Connor (1916 - ) married Ellen Catherine Butler in 1943 in Casino

10.     Bernard O'Connor  (1918)

2.        Margaret Mary Malone born 31 May 1875 on Goodwood Island and died 10 Oct 1951. She married Patrick Francis Butler born 5 April 1873  in Toowoomba.  He died in 1951

1.        Patrick Dennis BUTLER born 23 Apr 1904 in Toowoomba and died 5 January 1984. in Townsville Qld. Patrick married Mary Alice Cross, daughter of Reuben Cross and Nancy May Lynn, on the 23rd October 1925 in St. Joseph's Catholic Church, Townsville Qld. The Officiating Minister was Rev. Father Thomas A. Kelly and the witnesses were C. M. Walsh and M. M. Cremin.  Mary was born in 1908 in Irvinebank, Nth. Qld.

2.        Margaret Mary (Molly) BUTLER  born 13 Oct 1905 in Westbrook Qld and died 22 Jul 1989 in Lismore Base Hospital. Margaret married Ernest Bartoli in 1907, son of Borto Bertoli and Mary Antoniolli,  in All Saint's Catholic Church, Woodburn on the 23rd October 1933. Ernest was born on the 19th August 1905 in New Italy NSW and died on the 17th December 1963 in Coraki NSW.

3.    John Redmond BUTLER was born 25 Aug 1907 in Drayton Qld and died 13 Dec 1985 in Lismore Base

      Hospital,  John married  Claira Frances Felsch , daughter of William Felsch and Margaret Leary, in All Saint's

      Catholic Church, Woodburn on the 22nd May 1939. Clara was born on the 16th December 1913 in Coraki and 

      died on the 1st December 1913 in Lismore District Hospital, Lismore NSW.

4.   Thomas Bolton BUTLER born 20 Feb 1909 in Drayton Qld and died at Ballina. Thomas (Toby) married Esme

  Omega Giggins, daughter of Arthur Giggins and Mary Simons, in All Saint's Catholic Church, Woodburn on   

  the 22nd February 1932. Esme was born on the 16th October 1916 and died at Ballina NSW.

5      Bridget Elizabeth BUTLER (28 Jun 1911 - 18 Nov 1941)

6    Cyril John BUTLER , born 7th October 1914 in Toowoomba Qld and died on the 17th November 1986 in        

       Ipswich District Hospital, Ipswich Qld. Cyril (Bill) married (1) Jean Margaret Armstrong, daughter of     

        William  Armstrong and Florence Victoria Nugent, in St. Joseph's Catholic Church, Coraki on the 7th April  

       1936. The Officiating Minister was Rev. Father Thomas O'Regan and the witnesses were Thomas Bolton        

        Butler and Ivy M. Armstrong. Jean died on the 15th June 1997 in Belrose Country Club, Forest Way Belrose  

        NSW.  (2) Mary Margaret McLellan was born on the 11th January 1912 in Toowoomba Qld and died on the

        7th May 1984 in Goodna Qld.

3.  Theresa Malone (1877 –1939) born in Casino, married Vincent Sylvester Dowling in 1910 in Casino.  Vincent died in 

      1929 in Sydney.  Theresa and Vincent’s children are:

1                      Mary Dowling (1910 - ) born in Casino

2                     Anne Elizabeth Dowling (1912 - ) m John Aloysius Sharpe in 1936 in Waverley.

3                     Dorothea M Dowling called Dotty  (1917 - ) in Casino 

Vince Dowling ran the ferry for the Shire Council between Coraki and Woodburn in 1913 before he took over as Post Master for the Swan Bay Post Office from his father in law John Malone. The Dowling family were living in Murwillumbah in the 1920s.

 

4.  Elizabeth Adelaide Malone was born 1879 in Maclean.  She married Walter Eldred Osborn in 1907 Ref 4155 in Casino.  Walter was the son of James and Emily Osborn.  Walter died in 1942 Ref 264. in Sydney

1.        Floyd H Osborn  born 1903 Ref 31273 Lismore & married Gladys B Husband 1926 Ref 10094 in Sydney

2.        Eldred N Osborn born 1905 Ref 244523 in Lismore and died in 1906 Ref 4199 in Ballina

3.        John J Osborn Born 1912 married Beryl I Wise 1935 Ref 426 in Sydney

4.        Doreen Emily Osborn born 1913 married John Raymond Henry Craig 1938 Ref 6009 in Sydney

 

5.  Phillip Malone born and died 1880 in Maclean

 

John died October 1920.  On his death certificate the information was supplied by his daughter Elizabeth Osborn and witnessed by son in law Patrick Butler

 

Mary died 30th December 1939 at Lismore NSW.

 

Article from “The Richmond River Herald” dated 15 October 1920

 

Profound regret was manifested throughout the district on Wednesday evening when the news became known that Mr Jno. Malone, of Swan Bay who had been in failing health for some time, had passed away, aged 73 years. The deceased gentlemen came to Australia as a youth, and resided on the Clarence for a time, but about 45 years ago removed to the Mid Richmond and here he had resided ever since.  Like all pioneers he experienced a full measure of the vicissitudes of those far off times, but his grit and spirit eventually enabled him to win through.  His high personal qualities and cheery disposition won him a wide circle of friend, to whom news of his serious condition early in the week came as a great shock. Since Tuesday he had been gradually failing, and the end came as stated. The district mourns the passing of one who played a big part in its development, and extends to the widow and family of four daughters (Mrs M O’Connor, Swan Bay; Mrs P Butler, Swan Bay; Mrs V Dowling, Murwillumbah; Mrs Walter Osborne, South Woodburn) warm sympathy in their great bereavement.  Mr Thos Malone of Uki, Tweed Heads and Cr P Malone of Swan Bay, are brothers of the late Mr J Malone, and Mrs B  on of Maclean a sister.  The late Mrs Daley of Murwillumbah, and the late Mrs E O’Neill of Ballina were also sisters. The funeral yesterday at South Woodburn was very largely attended.  Dan Kiely and Father Hennessey officiated.

 

THE FAMILY OF EDWARD GARD AND ELIZABETH (BESSIE) MANNING

II   Edward Gard was born on 27 Feb 1852 Ref 1051/69 in East Maitland area. He married Elizabeth “Bessie” Manning in 1880 Ref 3467 in Grafton.  Their 3 children were Kathleen, Mortimer & Edward.  He died in Maclean in 1939.  Bessie died on Monday 22nd July 1909 aged 53 years from pneumonia. They are both buried in Maclean

 

Edward Garde (junior) was a drayman. He was listed as a Carter Maclean Post Office Directory 1892-93.  He also worked for the undertaker in Maclean and drove a hearse pulled by a horse and dug the graves at the Maclean cemetery.

 

Bessie’s parents were John Manning and Bridget Hayes who came to Australia from Tipperary, Ireland in 1839 (information from death certificate) but no record has yet been found.  They settled in the Camden area.  They were married in Tipperary Ireland in 1837.  John’s occupation was labourer/ Farmer

 

John was born in 1815 in Ireland.  His parents were John and Mary Manning. John died in 5 January 1873  Ref 3733 in Sydney aged 57 years. He was buried on 7th Jan 1873 St John’s Catholic Church Campbelltown.  His residence at the time of his death was with daughter Margaret Pendergast, Saggart Field near Campbelltown.

 

Bridget Hayes was born 1816 Ireland (information from death certificate).  Bridget died in 31 October 1884 Ref 2084 in Sydney aged 68.  She was buried 3 November 1884 Campbelltown Cemetery. Her residence at time of death was 34 Albion St, Surry Hills shared with daughter Mary Agnes Ryan. 

 

The informants mentioned on these death certificates are clearly family or inlaw as is the case of Patrick Pendergast, Margaret Manning’s husband.

 

THE CHILDREN OF JOHN AND BRIDGET MANNING
The information has been gathered from marriage, birth certificates and Baptismal certificates from St John the Evangelist Church, Campbelltown and also cemetery records

 

1 Margaret Manning was born 1942, Burragorang Lookout (west from Oakdale) Camden/ Picton way. This information is from her marriage certificate. She married PATRICK PENDERGAST on 16 January 1861 Ref 1571)in Campbelltown. Patrick was born 13 December 1841,Cambelltown. He is the son of Jonathan Pendergast and Elizabeth Dwyer. Patrick was listed as a Farmer and Margaret as a Farmer’s daughter. The witnesses were Samuel Croft who married Patrick’s sister Elizabeth and Johanna Manning, Margaret’s sister.  They were married by J P Roach. They were married in the Rites of the Roman Catholic Church. Consent was given by John Manning as Margaret was under 21.  She died in 1920 in Cooma NSW and Patrick died in 1921 in Omeo Victoria.  Patrick’s family had settled in the Snowy Mountain area and were one of the pioneering families of the “Man from Snowy River” fame for the TV Movie and Banjo Paterson’s song.  His brothers found the way over the Mountains from Cooma to Omeo in Victoria.

 

2   Johanna Eugenia Manning was born late 1844 or early 1845.  She died  May, 1912  She married John Tierney married 

      on 15th January, 1868.

 

3    Mary Manning married Peter Ryan, in 1876, they had one child, called Catherine M. Ryan.  

 

4    Bridget MANNING 

 

5   ELIZABETH (BESSIE) MANNING was born in 1851 in Sydney and married Edward Garde in 1880 in Grafton and 

       died 1909 in Maclean.  

               

6     Catherine MANNING  was born on 12 Sept 1853 V18532784 70 at Eagle Vale (now suburb of Campbelltown.

 

The Children of Edward and Bessie Garde are:

 

1.             Kathleen Stella born 1884 - 1977.  She married John Alexander Philp (31 Aug 1871 – 13th April 1957) at Maclean 

               in 1905.  She died at Tweed Heads on 6th July 1976.  See Story for children

 

2.             Mortimer Thomas GARD (1888 - 1972 ) married Muriel SHAW in 1914, Maclean. Children 

1.        Mary E. GARD (1915)

2.        Linda E. GARD (1917)

3.        William

4.        Cecil Francis married Patricia May Milgate in 1943 Ref 21728 in Casino

5.        Vincent

6.        Cathrine

 

3              Edward Valentine GARDe (1895 - 1967) married Jessie E Manning in 1918 – sister of Muriel. He died in

Kempsey on  7th June 1967 as a result of a stroke.  He is buried in the Catholic Cemetery Maclean (Maclean Historical Society Record Card No 78). Jessie died aged 90 years in 1983 and is buried with headstone in the Catholic Cemetery Maclean. Children

1.        Valentine Edward

2.        Kevin Albin

3.        “Pat”  Manning Edward GARD(      - 16- 8-1996)

4.        Blanche Elizabeth

5.        Noeline Edith

6.        Bernadette Kathleen

  Edward Valentine Garde (1895 -1967)

Wedding Notice  Sat 6-6-14

The marriage of Mr M Garde, eldest son of Mr E Garde, Maclean and Mrs M Shaw was celebrated in the R C Church on Wednesday night by Archpriest Welsh.  Miss M Philp acted as bridesmaid and Mr E Gard as best man.

(Note:  Maud Philp is the sister of  Kathleen’s husband Jack.  The Philp and Garde family must have had a change in relationship)

 

Death Notice

Mortimer Thomas Garde died 19th June 1972 aged 86. Father Edward, Wife:  Muriel (Minnie) Manning.  Widow of Donald Shaw.

 

Eddie (Edward V) as he was called was fined for letting cattle stray and riotous behaviour in 1616.  He was buried in Catholic Cemetery, Maclean. (Maclean Historical Society Record Card No 78).

Reference: Lower Clarence Historical Society Card No 78 for both Edward and Jessie death.  Card No 18 has (Vida) Page, age 47, died 1966, Presbyterian, with headstone in the same file

 

Examiner, Monday March 27 1916 p3

Maclean Police court

The Harwood Shire Council proceeded against E Gard Jr, for allowing cattle to stray.  Fined 5s, costs 6s and 10s 6d professional costs.

 

E Gard Jr, was charged with riotous behaviour in River Street Maclean on the night of the 18th inst.  Mr Lobban appeared for the police and Mr Dowling for defendant. Defendant was ordered to enter into recognisance of self 50 pound and one surety of 50 pound or two in 25 pounds to be of good behaviour for 12 months, in default 6 months in Grafton Gaol.  Defendant was ordered to pay costs of 2 pound 2 shillings, costs of court 8s and witness expenses 8s.

 

G Busch, E Gard and Jas Casey were proceeding against by D Black for assault in company.  Mr Loban for complainant Mr Dowling for defendants Busch and Gard, Casey filing to answered to his name.  After lengthy evidence had been gone into. The charges were dismissed.

 

Service record

Name                    GARDE, Valentine Edward

Service                 Australian Army

Service Number          N166954 

Date of Birth           14 Jan 1918

Place of Birth          MACLEAN, NSW 

Date of Enlistment      21 Nov 1941 

Locality on Enlistment MACLEAN, NSW

Place of Enlistment     MACLEAN, NSW

Next of Kin             Edward Gard

Date of Discharge       23 December 1942

Rank                    Private 

Posting at Discharge    N S W L OF C AREA G W SCHOOL 

WW2 Honours and Gallantry None

Prisoner of War No  http://www.ww2roll.gov.au/script/veteran.asp?ServiceID=A&VeteranID=325200

 

 

Kathleen Philp (Garde)

”Big Jack” Philp

 

Notes on Kathleen Stella Philp (Garde)

 

Kathleen Philp (Garde) was born on 26th May, 1884 in Sydney (her mother could have been in Sydney to look after her mother before she died). The family lived in Maclean, where her father was a farmer. Her parents were married in Grafton in 1880. Kathleen had two brothers, Edward Valentine and Mortimer Thomas.

 

Kathleen returned to Sydney to start her schooling, where she attended school at St. Marys Convent School as a Day Pupil and boarded at her two maiden aunts' house, on the corner of Crown Street. Kathleen used to walk across Sydney's Hyde Park to go to school and Mass. She never knew you could walk outside without hat and gloves on, and she did not even know how to wash up a cup until she got married, because both her aunt and her mother had servants.

 

During her school time in Sydney, Kathleen learned to play the organ, becoming so expert she played the organ at Sunday Mass at  St. Mary’s Cathedral. Her cousin Hilda Garde was an outstanding singer, who in the late 1880's went to Paris to further her career. Hilda's younger sister, also a talent, wanted to follow her to Paris, but because Hilda refused to return to Sydney their father refused to let her travel. Hilda became a top-line European performer.

 

When Kathleen met John Alexander (Big Jack) Philp in 1902, she was aged 17 years, and she asked her mother's permission to marry,  but her mother was quoted as says “You will only marry him over my dead body. He is just a common fisherman, and also Church of England!!" However after living together until  the altercation with her parents were settled in Court, and as a principle, for a further two years, Kathleen Stella Garde married "Big Jack" Philp in Maclean on 5th July, 1905, when she turned 21 years.

 

 

 

 

 

From The Clarence River Advocate, a paper published on Tuesdays and Fridays at Maclean -

TUESDAY, 9th FEBRUARY, 1904:

 

MACLEAN  POLICE  COURT

Elizabeth  Garde,  Mortimer  Garde and Edward Garde Jr., were charged in the Maclean Police Court with unlawfully assaulting Kathleen Garde.  Mortimer  Garde  was  also  charged  with assaulting Eliza Baker.

 

Mr. Lobban appeared for complainants and Mr. Dowling for defendants. It was agreed to hear the two charges together.

 

Kathleen Garde deposed that she and Mrs. Baker were on the main road at Palmer’s Island on New Year’s Day when her brothers and mother drove up, and Mortimer, after speaking to her, said she would have to come home with them. Her brothers got out of the sulky and caught hold of her, threw her down, and endeavored to put her into the sulky. She resisted, and Mrs. Baker came to assist her. Her brothers and her mother also assaulted Mrs. Baker. Her brother Edward beat her with a whip during the struggle.

 

Some persons then came along and the defendants desisted. Witness and Mrs. Baker were bruised about the body and their clothes were torn off. After her brothers let her go her mother still held her, and she did not get away from her untill Constable Brown came. The struggle lasted over an hour altogether.

 

Witness has been living away from home for 17 months; she was living with a single man who wished to marry her but her parents would not consent. She was 19 years of age. She could not live at home, owing to being beaten by her parents.

 

To Mr. Dowling: She had not caused her parents trouble before, nor had she been beaten for going out with boys. Her father was willing to let her marry, but her mother objected. She went away with the man she was living with to marry him; but her parents would not permit it. She did not know that that her mother’s right hand was crippled as the result of an accident; her mother did not have her hand in a sling on the day of the assault. Her mother said witness would never live to marry the man. Her mother let her go before Constable Brown came, and told her to fix her clothing, which had been torn. She  then held her again till Constable Brown came. Most of Mrs. Baker’s clothing had been torn off.

 

Eliza Baker gave generally corroborative evidence regarding the occurrence.  Harry Baker reposed to the condition his wife was in when she came home, and stated that she was very much bruised.

 

Maud  Philp  deposed  to  seeing  the beginning of the affair. She was nursing a baby, and went at once to Payne’s house and told them, and two of the boys went to the scene.